Teses e Dissertações não defendidas no IFAL

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https://repositorio.ifal.edu.br/handle/123456789/59

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Alocação adequada do quadro geral de baixa tensão através da busca pelo caminho mais curto
(2018) Abreu, Jacksiel José de; Cavalcante, Carlos Arthur Mattos Teixeira; Cavalcante, Carlos Arthur Mattos Teixeira; Sant’Anna, Ângelo Márcio Oliveira; Claudino, Elder de Souza
The allocation of the low voltage electrical power general distribution board at buildings is determined by technical, normative and economical parameters. A properly allocation of the low voltage main board reduces the wiring lengths of the feeders and distribution circuits designed for the installations, and, consequently, reduces the deployment costs as well the operative costs (power consumption) related to power dissipation (Joule heating). This work aims to develop and apply an optimization model for the optimal location determination of the low voltage main board at houses, flats, commercial buildings and small industries. To solve this problem, it has been adopted a network optimization model to determine the shortest route to pass the conductors, in which results in costs reduction. For validation of the proposed solution, it was performed a case study, where, taking real parameters, the definition of an optimization technique executed in Excel Solver, has indicated a point considered as the optimal location of the low voltage main board. Then, the obtained results were compared to location returned by load center, method traditionally used. From this comparison, it was verified the efficiency of the suggested method assuring a reliable and economical decision making.
Conceitos da EPT em quadrinhos: uma proposta de popularização do conhecimento científico
(2024-09-30) Machado, Itajaci Meiri Marques; Silva Júnior, José Espínola da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2240211724270086; Silva Júnior, José Espínola da; Santos, Elza Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2729412597740900; Santos, Marilene; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6890789604708020
This research aimed to contribute to the educational process of students of the Integrated Technical Course for High School Education in Roads, of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Alagoas (Ifal), Maceió Campus, by expanding the dissemination and understanding of the fundamental concepts that underpin Professional and Technological Education (EPT). To this end, the investigation proposed to answer the following research question: how can expanding the dissemination and understanding of the fundamental concepts that underpin EPT contribute significantly to the educational process of students of the Integrated Technical Course for High School Education in Roads of Ifal, Maceió Campus? This study was based on a theoretical framework, based on the assumptions of authors such as Kuenzer (1992), Saviani (1994; 2007), Gramsci (1977), Ramos (2008), Frigotto, Ciavatta and Ramos (2010), Manacorda (2010), Pacheco (2011; 2012), among others, whose contributions were essential for the understanding and analysis of the data collected. The research adopted a quantitative and qualitative approach, using as the main data collection instruments the application of questionnaires directed to students in the 1st year class, whose answers were later analyzed and discussed in light of the established theoretical framework. The results of the research highlighted the importance of students knowing the conceptual foundations of their course. However, regarding the relevance of the work, the study revealed that this dimension is still predominantly focused on the historical aspect, to the detriment of the ontological aspect. Based on the results obtained, an educational product was developed focusing on the conceptual bases of High School Integrated with EPT, through the systematization of five meetings mediated by a script. This educational product aims to provide students with a deeper understanding, especially of the dimension of work as an educational principle. In this way, this work offers theoretical contributions to the field of EPT, in addition to presenting a practical application of these concepts through the development of the aforementioned educational product, a comic book magazine.
Desenvolvimento de uma peneira de baixo custo para descascar sururu
(2023) Silva, Allisson Luiz Nascimento da; Silva, Juliane Cabral; Souza, Mayara Andrade; Carvalho, Ciro Ramon Felix dos Santos; Omena, Rômulo Afonso Luna Vianna de
The sururu production chain is characterized by human suffering, from fishing to packaging. It can be divided into stages: fishing or gathering, washing, despining, cooking, peeling or deshelling, bottling and marketing. The step to peel or deconch it occurs through sieving. It is carried out mainly by women and children, who are subjected to great physical effort, as it is a completely manual operation. They are exposed to terrible ergonomic conditions and receive the lowest pay in the entire production chain. In this context, mechanization and automation are seen as a viable solution to reduce human suffering and the evolution of processes and products. The objective of this work was to expose, in an organized way, the technical and intellectual productions, during the Postgraduate Program Analysis of Environmental Systems, at Centro Universitário CESMAC, to develop a prototype built with recycled or reused materials, capable of peeling sururu and reduce the pain of seafood restaurants. This prototype for sifting sururu should improve the quality of life of workers involved in this production chain. The reduction of physical efforts resulting from its use should also reduce the emergence and incidence of muscle injuries and injuries. For its construction, experimental research was initiated, which included a literature review, patent prior research and the use of tools and software for projection, modeling and manufacturing. The prototype consists of a perforated and rotating basket, through which the molluscs fall and the shells are retained inside. As for its operation, when activated, an electric motor on the prototype produces the rotational movement of the perforated basket and the sururus that pass through the holes fall onto a tray placed at the base of the equipment. After completing the operation, the sururus must be collected and the shells must be discarded or reused appropriately. The research was carried out at the Shared Innovation and Technology Laboratory (Colab), of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Alagoas (IFAL), Campus Maceió, with support from projects promoted by technological innovation notices, in addition to partnerships with institutions, non-governmental organizations and cooperatives. It begins the transition to the manufacturing process and should be expanded to generate new products, with the aim of serving other activities in the sururu production chain. Currently, research on the ergonomic impacts in the sieving stage is being developed, through which it will be possible to evaluate the benefits of using the prototype. And research to carry out tests with the purpose of establishing optimal operational parameters must be carried out.
Eficiência energética e indicadores ambientais sobre o consumo de energia elétrica em uma edificação pública
(2024) Rocha, Jean Jacques Bittencourt da; Souza, Mayara Andrade; Sant'Anna, Selenobaldo Alexinaldo Cabral de; Silva, Magno José Gomes da; Braga, Mauro Sérgio
Unbridled energy consumption is one of the main causes of environmental problems that threaten life on Earth, such as climate change, air pollution, global warming, and greenhouse gases. Consequently, reducing CO2 emissions has emerged as a major modern global concern. Therefore, energy efficiency is seen as a fundamental step towards achieving sustainable development. Studies indicate that public buildings consume significant amounts of electricity and waste a lot of it, and that there is a direct connection between the energy use of buildings, their efficiency, and the improvement of their environmental sustainability indicators. Based on this scenario, a study aimed to evaluate the energy efficiency and environmental indicators of the electricity consumption of a public educational building. The study enabled the scientific production of a Book Chapter that aimed to evaluate the energy efficiency of a public building and environmental indicators based on energy consumption, using for this a case study at IFAL - Federal Institute of Science and Technology of Alagoas, Maceió campus, using as a methodology to quantify efficiency the Technical Regulation for the Quality of the Energy Efficiency Level of Commercial, Service and Public Buildings (RTQ-C) and in the evaluation of sustainability indicators applied to the ecological footprint and carbon footprint, thus proposing solutions to increase energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions. This study enabled the approval of the research project in PISIC 2003-2004, which allowed the integration of students and professors from the civil engineering and PPGASA courses of CESMAC, as well as contributions to the dissemination of the theme with publications of abstracts in annals and presentations, oral and on banners, of works in national and local congresses, where a bibliographic review, data collection, possible results and proposals for researched solutions were presented. As a technical production, a training course was held for students graduating from the electrical engineering course entitled “Energy consumption and environmental sustainability of a building”, with the objective of raising awareness among future industrial technicians in electrical engineering of the direct relationship between the consumption of electrical energy in a building and the influences on the environment, training professionals with a broader perspective of sustainability. In this training, teaching activities were used, increasing the direct involvement of students in the training, leading them to reflect on the degree of importance that professionals in this area influence the relationships of environmental sustainability on our planet. In view of the results obtained, the public school building was classified as having level B efficiency, contributing to CO2 emissions of 82.13 tons/ CO2/year through the consumption of electrical energy, resulting in a carbon footprint of 6.10 kg CO2/m²/year and an ecological footprint of 11.52 ha. Sustainable alternatives in the building regarding lighting, envelope and air conditioning systems imply a reduction of 26.52%, resulting in a saving of 395 MWh/year of energy, stopping the emission of more than 21,764 tons of CO2/year into the atmosphere.
Estratégias de aprendizagem no ensino remoto emergencial do Instituto Federal de Alagoas
(CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO DE MACEIÓ – UNIMA | Afya, 2025-09-23) Melo, Helisabety Barros Mendes de; Mendonça, Adriana de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0381713043828464; Mendes Junior, Walcler de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6938727316741941; Pereira, Jesana Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2329848572181989; Junkes, Janaína Accordi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7777461824456062; Santos, Pedro Henrique Simonard; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0615985683640773
Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) during the COVID-19 pandemic posed significant challenges for education. Students, for instance, had to adapt to the sudden transition to an online environment, and many struggled to maintain focus and manage their studies independently, making it necessary to adopt Learning Strategies. In this context, this research investigates the extent to which students enrolled in technical programs at the Federal Institute of Alagoas (IFAL) - Maceió Campus - made use of any type of Learning Strategy during ERT, aiming to understand how they coped with the demands of this new teaching format. With a qualitative-quantitative approach, a case study methodology was adopted, articulating two main procedures: Content Analysis of the students’ reports submitted as part of formative assessments during ERT, based on Bardin (2016), and the application of the Learning Strategies Assessment Scale for Vocational Education Students (EAVAP-EP) developed by Pereira; Santos; Ferraz (2020). The qualitative analysis of the students' narratives highlighted issues related to infrastructure and technology, teaching methodology, learning difficulties, and mental health—factors that compromised the appropriate use of these strategies. Students’ perceptions also revealed weaknesses in the institutional planning of ERT and gaps in the provision of technological, pedagogical, and psychological support. The EAVAP-EP, a validated instrument composed of 33 items distributed across three dimensions (Cognitive Strategies, Metacognitive Strategies, and Absence of Dysfunctional Metacognitive Strategies), was completed by 189 students. Statistical analysis was performed using R software (version 4.3.3), employing descriptive techniques. Quantitative data revealed satisfactory use of Metacognitive Strategies and, to a lesser extent, Cognitive Strategies. However, some students exhibited behaviors detrimental to learning (Absence of Dysfunctional Metacognitive Strategies). The results reinforce the urgent need, in light of the challenges faced, to implement pedagogical policies that systematically develop Learning Strategies, promote student autonomy, and foster better conditions for coping with adverse educational contexts.
Estudantes do Ensino Superior: variáveis pessoais e contextuais relacionadas ao insucesso acadêmico e evasão escolar
(2022) Faria, Ana Amália Gomes de Barros Torres; Almeida, Leandro da Silva; Lima, Licínio Carlos Viana da Silva; Almeida, Leandro da Silva; Silva, José Maria de Castro; Monteiro, Sílvia Correia; Couñago, Maria Adelina Guisande
Over the past few decades, research around adaptation and academic success in higher education has increased. A greater number and diversity of students enter this level of education, justifying greater concerns about their academic performance and consequent completion of training. Data collection took place longitudinally at the Instituto Federal de Alagoas-Ifal (Campus Maceió) and included three studies with different samples, between 317 and 420 students from different courses, distributed between degrees or bachelors. At first, even before the pandemic, we applied the questionnaires in person. Subsequently, with the Covid-19 pandemic and the transition of activities to Emergency Remote Teaching (ERE), all the research was done from contacts and the application of online questionnaires. The study considered the following steps: the first took place at the time of enrollment, between the 1st and 3rd week after admission, where students were invited to participate in the study and provide information regarding sociodemographic characteristics; your previous academic career; as well as expectations and anticipated difficulties related to the chosen course. The second stage took place between the 6th and 8th week of classes since the beginning of the course. In this phase, information related to the academic experiences of these students was collected; and inserted questions about the socio-emotional impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. In the third stage, at the end of the school year, the process of adapting students to their courses and their intention to drop out of the course was evaluated. The thesis compiles four articles, including an introduction, a theoretical reference chapter and methodological course and a conclusion. The articles that made up the thesis were: 1- “Academic Adaptation of 1st Year Students: Promoting Success and Permanence at the University”; 2- “Academic Expectations and Difficulties in Higher Education Entrants: Analysis in Function of Gender and Quota System”; 3- “Effects of Remote Learning on Higher Education students”; 4-"Difficulties in the academic adaptation of higher education students in times of a pandemic". The results point to the complexity of the convergence of personal and contextual variables in the process of academic success and school dropout. In this process, the need for public policies to gradually decrease the retention and dropout rates stands out, as well as the design of institutional strategies to support the career development of these students, mainly through integration activities and support services. specialized.
Percursos estudantis de mobilidade acadêmica internacional: um estudo exploratório sobre experiências dos estudantes do Instituto Federal de Alagoas
(2021) Andrade, Carla Cristina Real Vieira de; Palhares, José Augusto; Silva, Manuel António Ferreira da; Palhares, José Augusto Branco; LOUREIRO, ARMANDO PAULO FERREIRA
This dissertation aims to analyze the student pathways of international academic mobility of seven students at the Federal Institute of Alagoas (Ifal) evidencing their experiences abroad, in order to verify the acquisition of a symbolic capital, the cultural/knowledge capital. The internationalization process is increasingly evident in higher education. In the Federal Institutes, although much has been advanced, it is a gap that lacks work to strengthen and expand teaching, research, extension and innovation activities that go beyond geographic and linguistic borders, through different ways of internationalizing. Given the context of globalization, it is necessary to understand the challenges that permeate this process through public policies that enable relationship initiatives with foreign institutions, increasing visibility and competitiveness in the field of vocational, technological, public and quality education. Thus, in analyzing the trajectory of these students, it is intended to understand the desire to study abroad, the challenges faced before, during and after the trip. In addition, realize the personal, vocational and academic gains that these students bring when they return to the country. When it comes to an international academic mobility deliberated by the educational institution, it is necessary to take into account the sharing of experiences brought by students so that the benefits are not only personal, but institutional, favoring everyone who makes up Ifal. The methodology of this work uses the case study method, with a qualitative approach in an exploratory research carried out through the interview technique with semi-structured questions. The analysis of the collected data is structured in five dimensions, namely: Welcoming/cultural adaptation, Teaching, Mobility's negative points, Mobility's positive points and Global Citizenship. These dimensions, achieved through the interviewees' answers, made it possible to respond to the objectives of this dissertation, identifying the reasons why students want to undertake international academic mobility, despite the various difficulties faced, with a view to exchanging experiences and knowledge about the globalization of labor market, as well as the expansion of the capacity to understand cultural diversity.
Permanência e êxito no ensino médio integrado: um estudo de caso no Instituto Federal de Alagoas
(2021) Costa, Ana Maria Leal; Palhares, José Augusto Branco; Silva, Manuel Aniónio Ferreira da; Palhares, José Augusto Branco; Nova, Maria Jose Manso Casa; Loureiro, Armando Paulo Ferreira
The permanency and success of young people in high school have been the source of studies by several authors. In the same sense, public policies are adopted in an attempt to reduce dropout and abandonment, which are common in the academic path. The present work aims to know and relate the relevant factors regarding the permanence and success of students in integrated high school courses at the Instituto Federal de Alagoas (IFAL), Maceió Campus, through the sociological characterization of their social and educational pathways. Following the qualitative methodology and analytical method of case study, we seek to investigate which factors provide the permanence and school success and what is in common among the students of the last years that supports achieving academic success. To investigate which relationships exist between the investigated factors and success in studies, as well as to know what leads students with a low socioeconomic level to be resilient when faced with adversities in the student environment were the strands of this research. It is worth mentioning that the pandemic caused by the covid-19 resulted in limitations in the course of the research application, being necessary to make some adjustments due to the sanitary conditions implemented worldwide. In order to understand the studied phenomenon, lives were performed, people's speeches were recorded, data to support the study were researched in documents generated by the institution, preliminary conversations with the pedagogical team were held, and online meetings were held. The results reveal evidence in the relationship between the cultural capital of families and academic performance, and point to signs of the influence of school interaction in the permanence of students in IFAL. However, the product of this research also reveals the need to modify strategies and methodologies regarding the teaching and structuring of courses, leading to the suggestion to direct educational policies that favor increasing the income of students' families, such as expanding the granting of scholarships. Such actions may increase the possibility of a larger number of students with a successful experience in the institution
Sistema de computação em borda para controle preditivo de veículos autoguiados em redes sem fio sujeitas à degradação
(2023) Omena, Rômulo Afonso Luna Vianna de; Santos, Danilo Freire de Souza; Perkusich, Angelo; Lima, Antonio Marcus Nogueira; Silva, Jaidilson Jó da; Brito, Alisson Vasconcelos de; Pereira, Carlos Eduardo; Valadares, Dalton Cézane Gomes
Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are essential for industry material transportation. In the Industry 4.0 and Industrial Internet of Things scenario, the AGV fleet is expected to be connected and integrated into the factory management system, being flexible and adapting to new demands. AGV control systems with fixed path navigation may not meet these requirements. Edge computing brings cloud resources to the network’s edge, making them closer to users. These resources can be accessed through a wireless network and applied to industrial demands. The AGVs can benefit from this when offloading tasks that require more computing resources to the edge server. However, the wireless network in the industrial environment is subject to degradation due to interference, signal reflections, shadowing effects, and electromagnetic wave absorption, among other challenges. The AGV, as a mobile robot, may traverse areas where the signal is degraded, increasing risks of collisions and accidents. Results of experiments suggest that Model Predictive Control (MPC) executed at the edge server, combined with a delay and packet loss compensation strategy implemented in the robot, can be used to mitigate these network degradations. In sequence, a two-tier architecture with MPCs is proposed to control multiple AGVs. The first tier, executed on the edge server, plans the trajectory of the AGVs globally, preventing collisions of the AGVs with fixed obstacles and each other. In the computer embedded in the AGV, the compensator used in the previous experiments gives place to a trajectory-tracking MPC, which must receive the trajectory of the respective AGV from the edge server and track it. Results of experiments carried out in four validation scenarios indicate that from the proposed architecture, it is possible to drive the AGVs without collisions, even in the communication network’s occurrence of delays and packet losses. In addition, tasks that demand more computational resources are offloaded to the edge server so that the computer embedded in the AGV can have more restricted resources, reducing costs and battery consumption.

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