Dissertação Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologias Ambientais

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Caracterização do recinto de aclimatação marinho para peixes-bois (Trichechus manatus manatus) no Ceará : uma inovação tecnológica para o manejo da espécie no Brasil
(INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2025-01-23) Bezerra, Brunno Torres de Gouveia; Normande, Iran Campello; Romero, Renato de Mei; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-6122; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857771457585862; Choi, Katherine Fiedler; Marques, Sheyla Karolina Justino
For many years, the West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) was classified as Critically Endangered in Brazil and recognized as the most vulnerable aquatic mammal in the country. To support its conservation, strategic actions such as rescue, rehabilitation, and release of manatees into the wild have been carried out since 1994 in northeastern Brazil, with the aim of repopulating areas of historical occurrence, reconnecting isolated populations, and strengthening existing population nuclei. As part of these strategies, the Association for Research and Preservation of Aquatic Ecosystems (Aquasis) implemented, in 2020, a new model of a marine acclimatization enclosure in Icapuí, Ceará, pioneering as the only structure of its kind located in a marine environment in Brazil. Consisting of a floating platform with a net-tank system, the enclosure was developed to initiate the acclimatization and release process of manatees rescued and rehabilitated by Aquasis in the state of Ceará, as part of conservation strategies for the species. In 2024, the structure of the acclimatization enclosure was expanded with the installation of a surrounding fence, forming a polygonal contour area resembling a traditional fish corral, encircling the floating platform throughout the perimeter of the polygon. This study aims to characterize the marine acclimatization enclosure used for manatee adaptation in Icapuí, Ceará, as well as to analyze other existing acclimatization enclosures in Brazil. The research compares different manatee acclimatization systems used in the country, detailing their construction features—including the floating platform and fence—describing feeding management practices, capture and handling methodologies, developing a schematic representation of the acclimatization enclosure, and proposing improvements aimed at enhancing animal welfare. The implementation of the marine acclimatization enclosure represents an innovative and strategically important structure for manatee conservation, highlighting its operational features. The results underscore the Icapuí marine acclimatization enclosure as an innovative and replicable model with the potential to expand the positive impact on species conservation.
Indicadores de avaliação dos programas de educação ambiental do Instituto de Meio Ambiente de Alagoas (IMA)
(INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2025-01-24) Silva, Narayana Sandes; Melo, Joabe Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5180399418500159; Romero, Renato de Mei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857771457585862; Oliveira, Iara Terra de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2511-1666; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2856851148788238; Lima, André Suêldo Tavares de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-0645; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6019670165528345
Environmental education is extremely relevant as a tool to address current socio-environmental challenges. Understanding its importance, an increasing number of studies are being conducted to improve educational practices focused on the environment and sustainability. The evaluation process is an instrument that can be a strong ally in educational actions. Therefore, this research analyzes the evaluation parameters and indicators of the Environmental Education actions and programs of the Institute of the Environment (IMA) of Alagoas. The objective is to understand the evaluation procedures adopted in each of the active actions, focusing on this theme in a case study characterized as exploratory and descriptive, based on document analysis, interviews, and questionnaires applied to sector managers. The collected data indicates that the analyzed programs use qualitative evaluation indicators, emphasizing social participation, sustainability, and biodiversity conservation. Finally, the analysis highlights the importance of structuring these indicators to ensure the effectiveness of the initiatives, suggesting the continuous development of indicators adapted to local needs.
Análise da inserção das plantas alimentícias não convencionais (PANC) na merenda escolar do município de Marechal Deodoro, Alagoas
(INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2025-01-28) Amorim, Paloma Sena; Melo, Ingrid Sofia Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4727408608738222; Calheiros, Altanys Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5985-6602; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9353777923030637; Melo, Joabe Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5180399418500159; Silva, Jose Pedro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1491552623899332
Non-Conventional Edible Plants (PANC) are edible plants that are not commonly part of the daily diet for most of the population but have high nutritional potential and are integral to the cultural traditions of various communities. This study analyzed the feasibility of incorporating PANC into the school meals of Marechal Deodoro (AL) and developed educational materials to disseminate the findings. The research adopted a descriptive approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods, including bibliographic research, field research, and case studies. Data were analyzed using electronic spreadsheets and action research, allowing for the integration of analysis and practical application. The results showed that 65% of participants were unfamiliar with the term "PANC," yet 54% already consumed parts of these plants, demonstrating practical knowledge despite lacking familiarity with the terminology. All participants expressed interest in cultivating PANC, and 100% were willing to expand their production. Additionally, 83% reported learning about PANC through popular wisdom, highlighting the importance of traditional knowledge. Based on these findings, an educational material featuring recipes was developed to encourage the introduction of PANC into school meals, promoting nutritional awareness and strengthening local food practices.
Emissões de gases de efeito estufa do Instituto Federal de Alagoas: impactos da pandemia do covid-19 e recomendações para gestão institucional
(INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2025-01-23) Cavalcante, Kledson Marques; Maia, Stoécio Malta Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6110419050119583; Salomon, Karina Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5008-0497; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3169357924019841; Silva, Eunice Palmeira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4679066494213977; Wanderley, Lucas Suassuna de Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0018963581369746
This study evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the Federal Institute of Alagoas (IFAL), comparing the years 2019 and 2022. The research is justified by the need for educational institutions, such as IFAL, to adopt sustainable management practices to mitigate the effects of climate change, as foreseen in the National Climate Change Policy. The study focused on GHG emissions related to fuel consumption, refrigerant gases, electricity consumption, and waste generation. The results indicated an overall reduction of -7.8% in IFAL's GHG emissions, mainly due to the decrease in face-to-face activities and the maintenance of changes in work methods adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Direct GHG emissions (scope 1), related to the consumption of fuels and refrigerant gases, showed variations in the evaluated period (-9.1% and 20.4%, respectively). Indirect GHG emissions (scope 2), associated with electricity consumption, showed a variation of -54.8%, influenced by the reduction in face-to-face activities and the improvement in the emission factor of the National Interconnected System. Other indirect GHG emissions (scope 3), such as the generation of urban solid waste and liquid effluents, also showed an overall reduction (-2.1% and -3.4%, respectively). The study concluded that modernizations of work processes, driven by the COVID-19 Pandemic and maintained after the return to in-person activities, impacted the reduction of GHG emissions by IFAL. The research recommends the improvement of sustainable management practices, mainly through monitoring resource consumption and GHG emissions, investing in energy efficiency, optimizing transportation, and digital technologies. The adoption of these measures will contribute to consolidating IFAL's commitment to environmental sustainability and social responsibility.
Impactos socioambientais causados pelos resíduos sólidos cemiteriais: um estudo multicasos em cemitérios públicos da região geográfica intermediária de Maceió-AL
(2025-01-24) Santos, Gabriela Moreira dos; Cruz, Nicholas Joseph Tavares da; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0765-5424; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6913208549056992; Souza Júnior, Marcilio Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2702843581642246; Romero, Renato de Mei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857771457585862; Silva, Claudionor de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7914499903341694
Disorderly urban expansion, lack of adequate planning and the absence of modern infrastructure in public cemeteries contribute to a series of problems that affect both public health and the environment. These spaces have attracted attention due to their potential for environmental pollution and are seen as sources of contamination, and their activities are subject to environmental licensing, as provided for in the resolutions of the National Environmental Council. There is a possibility of soil degradation and water contamination by leachate and solid waste, which threaten human health and the environment and require solutions capable of reducing the impacts attributed to cemetery activities. This research aimed to describe the socio- environmental impacts of public cemeteries in cities in the state of Alagoas based on the analysis of solid waste generation and environmental disposal thereof. A qualitative methodological approach was adopted through the multi-case study strategy, limited to 12 (twelve) public cemeteries in the intermediate geographic region of Maceió-AL. The methodological procedures involved a systematic literature review on the issue, followed by observational research in public cemetery environments, where data were collected from non- participant observations and photographic records. As a result of the SLR, based on the extraction of data from 27 primary studies identified as relevant by the search string, the most mapped types of cemetery solid waste were construction waste and exhumation remains; the proposed interventions involved the development of management plans, environmental education, and maintenance and cleaning of the sites; in addition to the adoption of new cemetery practices. As a result of the observational research in the field, the lack of adequate infrastructure in the cemeteries was evidenced, aggravating the environmental problems with pollution by leachate and solid waste from exhumations without adequate disposal.
Diagnóstico e monitoramento da pesca artesanal marítima na RESEX da Lagoa do Jequiá : integração do conhecimento ecológico local e tecnologias de rastreamento
(2025-01-22) Rodrigues, Diego Alexandre Salgueiro; Romero, Renato de Mei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857771457585862; Araujo, Daniel de Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5837261784524743; Sampaio, Cláudio Luis Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2526336992077506; Normande, Iran Campello; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7987532975778534
The study addresses artisanal fishing in the Marine Extractive Reserve (RESEX) of Lagoa do Jequiá, highlighting the role of fishers' ethnoecological knowledge and the use of technologies to track fishing activities. The research combined semi-structured interviews, GPS tracking, and fleet counting via drones to understand fishing strategies, spatial patterns, and fishers' perceptions of environmental changes. Six fishing methods and 54 captured species were identified, revealing a strong relationship between the techniques used and the characteristics of the exploited areas. The results indicate that fishing activity is in decline, partly due to the aging fishing population and a lack of infrastructure and government support. The study also suggests that, although no tracked vessels operated within the RESEX, there are indications of fishing in protected areas during the dry season, a hypothesis that requires further investigation. Integrating local knowledge with spatial data is essential for planning marine protected areas, promoting sustainable management, and reducing conflicts between conservation and artisanal fishing.
Critérios ESG para gestão de resíduos de MDF em contexto produtivo moveleiro de pequeno porte aplicados à análise da melhoria contínua e operacional
(2024-12-12) Silva, Nadine Maria Virgulino da; Rapôso, Áurea Luiza Quixabeira Rosa e Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7600867517446003; Santos, Adriana Paula Quixabeira Rosa e Silva Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0122090275331900; Lins, Patrícia Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6339794487587062; Marques, Sheyla Karolina Justino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3917387578549073
Environmental, social and governance practices, better known by the English term Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG), have become increasingly important for companies worldwide, given that these three areas are interconnected and can help companies manage short, medium and long-term risks and opportunities, in addition to increasing transparency and environmental and social responsibility. This work aimed to identify ESG criteria aimed at the management of MDF waste in a small-scale furniture production context for application in the analysis of continuous and operational improvement of the use of the input and internal and/or external reuse. The specific objectives include: understanding the ESG axes, themes and criteria, the concepts of integrated management and waste management, and the relationships between them for the small-scale furniture industry; summarizing Brazilian environmental legislation and technical standards related to waste management; identifying ESG criteria, aimed at continuous improvement of waste management, applicable to the small-scale furniture production context; to characterize the critical points and opportunities of technical operations for generating MDF waste, aiming at the continuous and operational improvement of the use of the input and internal and/or external reuse; to map the processes through operational flowcharts and PDCA cycle. This is an applied research, of a technological nature, with a descriptive and explanatory approach, whose selected methodological procedures were the systematic bibliographic review and documentary analysis, and the field research, developed through a case study. The object and locus of the field research focused on small-scale carpentry in the city of Maceió-AL. As a result, this research contributed to the analysis of waste management through ESG criteria, including the elaboration of a training plan focused on the management of MDF waste in small-scale carpentry.
Análise da qualidade de águas subterrâneas dos municípios de Maceió e Rio largo - AL
(2024-10-30) Brandão, Iago Gabriel França; Freitas, Alan John Duarte de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7222112856028905; Freitas, Johnnatan Duarte de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4999402869058858; Cabral Júnior, Jório Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7439808091974845; Cabral, Mirelle Márcio Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7765541308045861
It is essential to consider the importance of water, a vital resource for life on the planet, when addressing the conservation of its quality. The growing awareness of the health impacts resulting from exposure to a wide range of compounds has led to the strengthening of environmental regulations and policies, such as Ordinance GM/MS No. 888, of May 4, 2021. In recent years, the search for effective ways to reduce environmental impacts has become even greater, since the risk of contamination of water resources is an environmental concern with a major impact on public health. Therefore, the study aims to evaluate and characterize the quality of groundwater, determining some physical-chemical and microbiological parameters. Five wells were selected, where the variables of pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, color, temperature, alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chlorides, acidity, total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms were analyzed. Microbiological analyses were performed to assess the presence or absence of total and thermotolerant coliforms. Subsequently, field and laboratory tests were carried out. The results obtained during the tests indicated that the analyzed waters require different treatments, inherent to their specific quality. Well 02 meets all the standards of Ordinance No. GM/MS 888/2021, however, it operated for only 3 months during the year. Samples from wells 01, 03, and 04 meet the various aspects of the ordinance, requiring only chlorine treatability to meet all potability regulations. Well 05 does not meet all the standards of Ordinance No. GM/MS 888/2021, demonstrating samples that exceeded the VMP for turbidity, color, total hardness, and chlorides.
Análise das características e propriedades do plástico reforçado com fibra de vidro e lodo de estação de tratamento de água na produção de cerâmicas porosas
(2024-04-12) Oliveira, Samantha Ferreira Mendonça de; Marques, Sheyla Karolina Justino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3917387578549073; Rapôso, Áurea Luiza Quixabeira Rosa e Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7600867517446003; Peres, Ana Paula da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9975840346577976
The generation of waste in the Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics (FRP) industry and in Water Treatment Plants (WTP) is a serious environmental and social problem, due to the lack of areas to dispose of these liabilities, which become secondary raw materials for other industrial processes. In this context, the aim of this research was to analyze the characteristics and properties of GRP particulate (PPRFV) and water treatment plant sludge (LETA) in the production of porous ceramics, in order to obtain a more efficient product in the light of the circular economy. The waste was characterized using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), derivative and differential thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG/DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Experimental traces were used with levels of PPRFV (0%, 4%, 6% and 8%) and LETA (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%), as a partial substitute for clay, in which 10 specimens were molded per composition. The data obtained from the response variables was submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and polynomial regression. PPRFV showed a majority of CaO (47.79%) and SiO2 (36.38%), while LETA showed SiO2 (52.06%) and Al2O3 (29.83%). X-ray diffraction detected the presence of an amorphous halo and the quartz crystalline phase in PPRFV and LETA, in that order. The infrared of the PPRFV allowed functional groups that occur in the chemical structure of epoxy resin to be determined, while the sludge showed absorption bands characteristic of clay minerals. Thermal analysis of the particulate revealed an exothermic event at a temperature of around 450°C and a mass loss of 40.33%. The sludge suffered a total mass loss of 14.83%. SEM micrographs of the particulate revealed the existence of fibrous filaments adhered to the particles with a rough texture, while the sludge showed a chip-like shape, characteristic of materials with an organic and inorganic load. With regard to the technological tests, the experimental mix with 8% PPRFV and 20% LETA emerged as the most promising, showing an increase of 83.84%, 47.36% and 26.67% in the Linear Shrinkage, Water Absorption and Apparent Porosity indices, respectively, compared to the reference mix. The Permeate Flow data confirmed the increase observed in the physical tests, reaching a value of 5,222.27 L/m².h for the experimental mix with the highest percentage of waste. Based on the data obtained, this study proved to be important in the development of a technical product with a view to reintroducing GRP particulates and WTP sludge into the water treatment system at the filtration stage.
Análise das práticas de segurança do trabalho adotadas por cooperativas de reciclagem de resíduos eletroeletrônicos: um estudo multicasos
(2024-01-31) Pimentel, Karine Viviane de Araujo; Cunha, Mônica Ximenes Carneiro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1775024859845111; Souza Júnior, Marcilio Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2702843581642246; Cunha, Mônica Ximenes Carneiro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1775024859845111; Holanda, Romildo Morant de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4283130448063981
The rapid increase in the production of electronic equipment has resulted in an increase in the amount of electronic waste produced annually in the world. To face this problem, in 2010, Brazil developed the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), which included reverse logistics as an instrument to deal with the growing flow of this type of special waste and gave recycling cooperatives a social role in this chain. . In this context, recycling cooperatives began to play an important role in the process of collecting and treating Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). However, if handled and disposed of inappropriately, WEEE can pose environmental and occupational health risks to those who collect these materials. The objective of the research was to analyze the work safety practices adopted by WEEE recycling cooperatives. The methodological procedure was divided into three stages: (1) systematic literature review on occupational safety practices adopted in solid waste cooperatives; (2) multi-case study with 5 (five) WEEE cooperatives; (3) proposal for a manual of good occupational safety practices for WEEE cooperatives. As results, RSL uncovered 71 workplace safety practices, organized into three categories: 1) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), 2) equipment that assists in ergonomics and well-being at work, 3) workplace safety actions and programs work. In the field research, it was possible to identify that the five cooperatives surveyed employed occupational safety practices in their processes and it was observed that, although safety practices are a legitimate concern for cooperative members, they tend to be simplified, with a focus on adoption of PPE as the main measure. Despite this, it was possible to identify actions to analyze work processes, implement specific training and pay attention to the prior analysis of equipment to be dismantled, characterizing safety precautions from the beginning of the process and contributing to the creation of a safety culture. A technical manual with good safety practices for cooperative members was also prepared, directly benefiting workers in the recycling sector with a safer and healthier working environment.
Levantamento, identificação e mapeamento de estudos sobre nascentes localizadas no bioma caatinga: uma revisão sistemática de literatura
(2022) Failla, Sara Carvalho; Calheiros, Altanys Silva; Cunha, Ana Catarina Monteiro Carvalho Mori da; Silva, José Pedro da; Barbosa, Tiago Jorge de Araújo
The water crisis has grown into a chronic global problem, and the majority of the world's water-related ecosystems are suffering from pollution and degradation. The Caatinga biome is located in the Brazilian semi-arid region, which among the existing semi-arid regions is the most biodiverse and populous in the world. However, it has been one of the most threatened biomes in that country due to the various unsustainable human practices in the region. Therefore, the need for actions and studies dedicated to this ecosystem, which presents little scientific research, is notorious, especially regarding water courses and their sources, which, in addition to being scarce, are vulnerable to human activities and climate change. Mapping studies in the region dedicated to water issues and their recovery, are of paramount importance to stimulate well-timed and targeted actions aimed at reducing, reversing and avoiding environmental degradation, increasing food and water security. Given the above, the present study aimed to carry out a systematic literature review to map the springs located in the Caatinga biome and identify the impacts caused by human actions on their degradation. A literature review was conducted with research carried out on springs in the Caatinga. Searches were carried out using the main available databases, and the data found were mapped in order to highlight regions of low knowledge production. Initially, 1830 scientific papers were found with the search strings utilized, however, not a single scientific paper met all the established inclusion criteria and only 10 papers have partially met the selection criteria. The period of selected researches was from 2006 to 2021 and only five of the nine states that make up this biome have researches on this subject. It should be noted that the very low production made it impossible to carry out a more cohesive and complete systematic literature mapping, evidencing the great scarcity of studies and the importance of new scientific productions on this biome that is so important for the country.
Compostagem de resíduos de polpas de frutas : compostagem, uso na produção de mudas e disseminação de conhecimentos
(2022) Soares, Alessandra Cristina de Lima; Vasconcelos, Erika Socorro Alves Graciano de; Lima, André Suêldo Tavares de; Lima, André Suêldo Tavares de; Vasconcelos, Erika Socorro Alves Graciano de; Gomes, Tâmara Cláudia de Araújo; Barbosa, Tiago Jorge de Araujo
The fruit pulp manufacturing process is a generator of organic waste, containing peels, seeds and bagasse. At the Cooperative of Small Organized Farmers (COOPEAGRO), located in the Municipality of Maragogi-AL, the pulp manufacturing process produces about 25 tons of this waste per month, which can be used to produce organic compounds. In this way, the objective of this work is to develop organic compounds from residues of fruit pulp agroindustry and evaluate them as substrate for the production of lettuce seedlings. The chemical characterization of the residues generated by the agroindustry was carried out for the purpose of sizing possible compost piles, such as the proportion of different residues to be mixed. The residues tested were pineapple, soursop, passion fruit, guava and acerola. To obtain the compounds, a hexagonal compost was used. After 120 days, the results showed that the monitored parameters followed what is indicated in the literature. The compounds were tested for the production of lettuce seedlings, evaluating seedling height, number of leaves, root length and dry mass of root area and root ball stability. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with 4 treatments (T1 = commercial compost; T2 = passion fruit and acerola; T3 = passion fruit and guava; T4 = passion fruit and soursop) and 5 replications. To represent the 16 experimental units, 8 trays of 128 cells were used, divided in half. The treatment of compost with residues of passion fruit and acerola, stood out from the others, presenting a higher average of the aerial part and root system. Chromatography of the passion fruit and acerola compound showed the best results. The technological products generated will be a patent of the organic compounds obtained, an article submitted to the Brazilian Journal of Agroecology and training at different levels.
Análise ambiental do lixão desativado no município de Palmeira dos Índios - Alagoas
(2023-12-18) Silva, Elice Lira; Marques, Sheyla Karolina Justino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3917387578549073; Souza, Ronny Francisco Marques de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7651317326903869; Rapôso, Áurea Luiza Quixabeira Rosa e Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7600867517446003; Carvalho, Taíse Monique de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3638807736725706
It is understood that solid waste management is considered a global issue, as without adequate management, it becomes a threat to public health and the environment. Population growth associated with consumerism increases the production of solid waste, which is sometimes led to irregular disposal. The National Solid Waste Policy, through law 12,305/2010, established the closure of landfills in Brazilian municipalities, with deactivation associated with compliance with control and monitoring of the degraded area. From this perspective, the work in question aimed to carry out an environmental analysis of the area occupied by the old landfill in the municipality of Palmeira dos Índios – Alagoas. To this end, visits were made to the old landfill, historical data survey of the area, analysis of the current scenario, identification of measures adopted for control and monitoring, characterization of the physical environment using the checklist method and analysis of physical-chemical parameters of the soil and surface waters. The analysis of the area showed that nonconformities are still found, presenting environmental degradation and, consequently, risks to public health, with the presence of superficially exposed waste, erosion on the slope with outcrops of waste, in addition to contamination by surface runoff. In the results of the physical-chemical analysis of the soil, the heavy metals cadmium, copper, lead, zinc, manganese and iron were detected, in addition to checking the slightly basic pH and organic matter. In line with CONAMA resolution no. 420/2009, the metals cadmium, copper, lead and zinc are below the values guided by national legislation. The iron concentrations found are indicative of mature MSW. The high pH values are consistent with areas that had greater contact with the percolate. The analysis of aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil revealed concentrations below what is recommended by legislation. In the investigation of surface water, higher concentrations of nitrate, electrical conductivity, total phosphorus, thermotolerant coliforms and total dissolved solids were identified, which denotes negative impacts on the area. In this location, there is a great possibility of leachate infiltration, which poses risks to the community, due to exposure to the open air, which leads to contamination of water in local sources. The process of environmental recovery of the former illegally disposed area is currently stagnant, not showing any active improvements.
A pesca de arrasto de camarões no Povoado Pontal do Peba, Piaçabuçu, Alagoas - Brasil: aspectos socioeconômicos e ambientais.
(2023-07-25) Calazans, Elíne Monteiro; Tamano, Luana Tieko Omena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4206868438935017; Araujo, Daniel de Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5837261784524743; Lima Filho, Adalberon Moreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5204293561529304; Romero, Renato de Mei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857771457585862
Shrimp play an extremely important role as fishery resources in the communities where they are present. In the Northeast region of Brazil, shrimp fishing is predominantly carried out by artisanal fishermen at different scales, and has a significant relevance in social, economic and cultural aspects. In the state of Alagoas, the artisanal capture of shrimp is predominantly carried out by means of motorized vessels that use the double trawling technique. The municipality of Piaçabuçu is currently the main center of fishing production in the state. The activity of motorized artisanal fishing directed to marine shrimp has been taking place in Pontal do Peba, Piaçabuçu, Alagoas, since 1960. This activity plays an important role in the community, providing livelihoods and income for local artisanal fishers. However, the lack of attention on the part of the social and political segments responsible for planning the region in relation to this sector of the regional economy is remarkable. The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the socioeconomic and environmental aspects related to shrimp trawling in Pontal do Peba, Piaçabuçu, Alagoas, Brazil. For this, qualitative and quantitative methods were used, such as interviews with the use of a semi-structured questionnaire, direct observations, photographic records and a field diary. The sampling technique adopted was Snowball Sampling, known as "snowball". Between June 2022 and January 2023, interviews were conducted with 43 fishermen. The fishing activity is artisanal in nature and is characterized by the involvement of the family. There was an exclusivity of men involved in the fishing activity itself, with the presence of women recorded only in the post-fishing stages. The general profile of the fishermen revealed a low level of education, a strong connection with the local fishing culture and a high dependence on fishing resources. Most respondents rely solely on fishing as a source of livelihood. Fisheries are carried out both during the day and at night and each trawl has an average duration of three hours. Fishermen work 8 to 12 hours a day, with an average of 10.6 hours (±1.4 hours). The majority of the interviewees (83.7%) stated that they do not own the vessels they use. The main form of conservation used during thefishery was ice. The results showed a high dependence of fishermen on middlemen. Among the environmental problems in the community, the fishermen cited: garbage disposal, lack of basic sanitation and turtle mortality. It was found that fishermen have varied environmental perceptions, while only (30.2%) recognize fishing as capable of causing impacts to the environment, most (69.8%) affirm that the activity is not capable of causing damage to the environment. Most fishermen (58.1%) reported noticing a significant decrease in the amount of shrimp caught in recent years. A significant group of interviewees (28.5%), despite understandingthe relevanceof the closure, believe that the established period is incorrect. Two main forms of processing have been identified for the shrimp caught: filleting and smoking. On the other hand, for the portion of fish of the accompanying fauna that is used, two techniques were mentioned: evisceration and salting-drying. The waste resulting from the processing of shrimp andfishis disposedof directly into the sea. In general, the need to include fishermen as active participants in decisions related to public policies aimed at the fishing sector, fisheries management and environmental conservation is highlighted.
Análise do uso de embalagens plásticas de insumos em indústria de biscoitos de Arapiraca - AL sob a ótica das práticas Lean e Green
(2023-07-21) Barbosa, Maria Francilânia Fontes; Rapôso, Áurea Luiza Quixabeira Rosa e Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7600867517446003; Marques, Sheyla Karolina Justino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3917387578549073; Almeida, Edna dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9240408084073924
One of the challenges facing the food industry as a responsible production process is the reduction and environmentally appropriate disposal of plastic packaging for inputs, given that most raw materials are packaged in plastic materials. Lean and Green thinking can address these challenges, as it is the integration of Lean Manufacturing and Cleaner Production practices to reduce waste and environmental impacts in the life cycle stages of products and processes. This research sought to analyze the use of plastic packaging for cookie manufacturing inputs in a small food industry in the city of Arapiraca, Alagoas-Brazil, based on Lean and Green practices, with a view to proposing opportunities for environmental improvement in the production process. To this end, bibliographical and documentary research was carried out to identify Lean and Green practices; a characterization of plastic packaging and the environmental aspects and impacts of plastic materials in the cookie production process was carried out, and a case study of an industry in Alagoas was analyzed. As a result, 21 Lean and Green practices were found that can be applied to implement lean and green thinking in small production groups; and among them, 7 practices/tools were identified that the case study industry can apply as opportunities for environmental improvement. These are: applying the 3Rs Reduce, Reuse, Recycle to plastic packaging, selecting suppliers based on environmental criteria, reducing packaging with bulk purchases, life cycle assessment (LCA), reverse logistics for plastic packaging in partnership with manufacturers and suppliers, replacing raw materials purchased in plastic packaging with more biodegradable packaging and raising staff awareness and guidance on the environmental impacts of plastic packaging. As for disposal, 62.5% of plastic packaging is sent to the landfill in the Agreste Alagoano region and 37.5% is sold. It was found that the main challenges for small companies in implementing Lean and Green practices are access to financial resources and the lack of training for managers and employees.
Cactáceas brasileiras: compostos químicos, farmacologia e potencial biotecnológico
(2023-07-28) Lins, Andressa Valéria Ferreira Minin de; Melo, Joabe Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5180399418500159; Oliveira, Tiago Bento de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362217919311737; Cavalcanti, Deyvson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1705433658794154; Santos, Josiene Maria Falcão Fraga dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0789229130960422
Cactaceae is a family of plants whose representatives are known for surviving and occupying the planet's arid and semi-arid climates. To survive in these habitats, this family of plants relies on a series of morphological adaptations, including the modification of leaves into spines, water storage capacity, chlorophyllous stem, etc. In addition to the physical structure to withstand environmental conditions, cacti also have a series of specialized chemicals, known as secondary metabolites, which have several protective properties for plants, but which also have interesting effects on other organisms and which, for this reason, has been widely studied by scientists. Despite the protective machinery with which cacti were equipped, many of them are threatened with extinction, creating a need to preserve them. Many studies investigating the phytochemical profile and pharmacological properties of Brazilian cacti have been carried out, but none have covered all of them. Thus, the research question arose: what has already been discovered about the phytochemistry, pharmacology and biotechnology of cacti in Brazil? The research was carried out with the aim of answering this question using the systematic literature review methodology. The results allowed the construction of a panorama that will serve the future of research with Brazilian cacti that deal with the themes researched here, that is, the pharmacology, phytochemistry and biotechnology of cactuses in Brazil. Phytochemical information was found for 50 cacti, pharmacological information for 31 cacti and patents for 18 cacti. The unfolding of this process took place in chapter one of this dissertation, which was organized into two chapters, the second being the unfolding of the technical and technological product, which expressed the desire not to imprison the information presented here within the walls of the academy. The product was the teaching material entitled “Cacti around me”, which is an informative material about how cacti are present in different scenarios and products in Brazil, as well as the ecological importance of the botanical family Cactaceae.
O que sabemos sobre a governança ambiental em áreas protegidas? : Tendências e direcionamentos
(2023-07-27) Santos, Henrique da Silva; Romero, Renato de Mei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857771457585862; Schiavetti, Alexandre; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7401911259032572; Melo, Joabe Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5180399418500159
Environmental governance can be defined as the interaction between structures, processes, and traditions that determine how power and responsibilities are exercised by stakeholders, for which various governance instruments can be used. Its use has grown in recent years, especially in protected areas. Here, our objective was to analyze the articles indexed in two databases – Web of Science and Scopus – on environmental governance in protected areas, to establish an overview of the studies worldwide. For this, scientometrics, a methodology linked to metrics, can trace scientific advances over time. Data were processed in software RStudio and Excel. Chloropleth maps were also prepared in the program QGIS 3.22.16. The study is divided into a literature review; study design, data collection, analysis, visualization, and interpretation. The search time interval was 1999-2022. As a result, 768 articles were in the two databases, distributed in 222 journals, being carried out by 2555 authors. The USA, United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, Brazil, Mexico, and Indonesia were the countries that most stood out in scientific production. As expected, most studies fall within the governance and methodological categories. The results indicate that the use of scientometric analysis proved to be important in identifying and monitoring research on environmental governance in protected areas. The evaluation of the knowledge produced is a necessity for all sectors that carry out research, as it is possible to infer new areas of investigation, as well as to determine and point out gaps in knowledge.
Viabilidade técnica do uso de topsoil na composição de susbstratos de espécies florestais da caatinga
(2023-07-30) Andrade, Adriano Alves de; Cavalcante, Marcelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0221717690546039; Santos, Cicero Gomes dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1756791175395693; Pereira, Rodrigo Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5651953026655989
Mining is one of the basic sectors of the country's economy. However, it generates large environmental impacts, as well as a large amount of waste. To comply with environmental legislation, the enterprise must present programs for the recovery of degraded areas. The production of seedlings is one of the actions performed, which requires a large volume of substrates, usually commercial, of high cost. The topsoil, the surface layer of the soil, is a residue with physicochemical characteristics with potential for agricultural use, present in large quantities, reaching 33 thousand m3. Therefore, the objective of this research was to know the technical feasibility of topsoil added to commercial substrate for the production of seedlings of four native species of the Caatinga. The experiment was completely randomized in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with five levels of topsoil (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of topsoil replacing the commercial substrate) and four species of Caatinga timbaúba (Enterolobium contorstisiliquum), canafístula (Peltophorum dubium), dry flour (Abarema langsdorfii) and white ipê (Tabebuia roseo-alba). Biometric variables were evaluated to determine the quality of the seedling. Considering the number of leaves, there was no interaction between the factors, in which the species timbaúba (8.0) and ipê branco (8.5) had higher averages, being able to use 100% topsoil. For the diameter of the stem, 13.9 and 10.3% topsoil are the maximum limits for canafistula and dry flour. For the height of the plant, 85.4% topsoil is recommended for Timbaúba. Considering the Dickson quality index, for the canafístula and ipê branco species, 74.1 and 36.1% are the maximum limits of topsoil and, for dry flour and timbaúba, up to 100% can be used. Thus, it will be possible to reduce costs up to 77% in the production of forest seedlings.
Desenvolvimento da carcinicultura marinha familiar no agreste de alagoas : avanços e desafios para uma produção sustentável
(2023-01-23) Lemos, Fernanda Gomes; Bordinhon, André Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0982411313292542; Araujo, Daniel de Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5837261784524743; Tamano, Luana Tieko Omena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4206868438935017; Pontes, Cibele Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3943018673158703
In Brazil, for many years, the production of marine shrimp was associated with estuarine, apicum, and mangrove regions. However, the last few years have been marked by a pronounced expansion to inland regions, an activity known as marine carciniculture. In the state of Alagoas, Northeast of Brazil, the harsh climate region has the newest Brazilian centers of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp production in continental waters: Arapiraca, Craíbas, Coité do Nóia, Feira Grande, Girau do Ponciano, Igaci, Lagoa da Canoa, Limoeiro de Anadia, Olho D'Água Grande and Taquarana. For these municipalities, the activity emerged as an alternative for generation of employment and income for farmers who suffered and still suffer with the decline of agricultural production due to the disuse of land, by the salinization of water from rivers, creeks, and artesian wells. As it is relatively recent in the region, there are few records about its implementation. In view of this, the objective was to characterize the carciniculture in the harsh climate region of Alagoas by the investigation of its participants and its ways of production. To accomplish this task, 40 family farmers were interviewed by using a semi-structured questionnaire. In addition, free observations were made and informal accounts were collected during the years 2020 to 2022. From this, it was found that local carciniculture started a little over three years ago and only in 2018 gained commercial character having presented annual income of up to $ 300,000.00. The activity in the municipalities of Alagoas has been done with the help of technical advice, and with the construction pattern of nurseries from other production centers, similar to the systems implemented in the state of Paraíba. The farmers, with the help of professionals and knowledge acquired over time, have adapted to the new productive activity, when comparing the methodology implemented in harsh climate region of Alagoas with other regions, is possible to identify peculiarities, the ties and bonds created between those involved and the work environment. Some curiosities also draw attention, such as the variations in stocking densities observed in different poles, something common in all poles is the decrease in stocking density in rainy periods, high rainfall that resulted in decreased water temperature, which can contribute to the proliferation of pathogens in the culture environment. The analysis of the questionnaires showed that male family farmers represent 82.5% of the total of producers in the harsh climate region, while women correspond only to 17.5%. Both sexes work in the activity, on average, 8 hours a day. The size of the evaluated farms varies between 1 to 50 hectares, and the ponds built on them are between 1000 m2 and 4000 m2, with an average production of 500 kg to 4500 kg per month per farm. The price per kilogram of shrimp sold varied between $ 12.51 and R$ 13.64, being influenced by the time of the year, among other factors. It was evidenced that the poles with greater productive relevance are: Arapiraca, Coité do Nóia, Igaci and Limoeiro de Anadia. Among the interviewees, few (17.5%) have carciniculture as their main source of income, in their majority, the family farmers diversify the agricultural production to get enough income for subsistence. From the interviews, it was possible to identify that more than 50% of the owners received technical assistance in the last year. Since this is a fairly new activity, it is still not known for sure which impacts or environmental damage may be caused in the long term by the activity in this region. In this sense, most of the family farmers affirm that they have never been visited by environmental inspection agencies. Despite this, all are aware of the importance of environmental licensing and claim to be a significant step for shrimp production. Regarding the discharge of effluents, most (55%) of the farmers perform water treatment before discharge into water bodies. However, most family farmers (80%) do not consider the water generated from the ponds harmful to the environment. In fact, technical assistance was one of the key factors for the consolidation and success of the productive activity in the region. It was possible to observe from the farmers' reports how starting with technical assistance made all the difference. The data collected from the interviewees were compared with the data collected from the secretaries, it was possible to notice that the environmental and governmental organs linked to the carciniculture activity still don't have, or in their majority, with limited information, what can have repercussions, directly, in a negative way, in the development of public policies directed to marine Carciniculture. In addition, it is possible to verify the existence of barriers to the strengthening of the activity, being the issues related to environmental licensing the most relevant, among them: difficulties in finding qualified professionals to perform the services, the high fees charged, the slowness of the environmental inspection agencies.
Cactáceas medicinais brasileiras: diversidade ecológica, usos e potencial farmacológico
(2023-01-27) Silva, Karine Gabriela Santos; Melo, Joabe Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5180399418500159; Santos, Josiene Maria Falcão Fraga dos; Oliveira, Tiago Bento de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362217919311737; Cavalcanti, Deyvson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1705433658794154
The Cactaceae family has a great diversity of species. In Brazil, it has occurrence of 81 genera and 483 species, in which 15 genera and 206 species are endemic, with 37 genera and 275 species native to the country. Cacti have different uses and applications in different cultures around the world, being used as a human food resource, ornamental, forage, lumber, recreational, mystical, medicinal, among others; being widely used by man in folk medicine around the world. However, no specific study for the Cactaceae family, encompassing the species used for medicinal purposes throughout Brazil had yet been carried out, so there is a gap. Which species of the cactaceae family are used medicinally by the Brazilianpopulation? What properties do they have? Considering the importance of knowing the diversity of plants with therapeutic purposes, their uses and the potential of Cactaceae species, this study aims to carry out a survey in order to respond to these problems, bringing a historical- cultural context regarding the use of the family for medicinal purposes in Brazil. Therefore, the research was carried out through a literature review, followed by several data analyses. Thirty-four species of Cactaceae that are used medicinally in Brazil were recognized, with the most frequent species being: Cereus jamacaru, Opuntia ficus-indica, Melocactus zehntneri, Xiquexique gounellei and Harrisia adscendens; the first corresponding to 52.9% of the total works analyzed in this study. The most common therapeutic indications for cacti in Brazil were: “kidney problems”, “cough”, “flu”, “fever”, “inflammation” and “bronchitis”. Two species showed a high relative importance index (RI): Cereus jamacaru - RI 2.0, which was also the most versatile species, followed by Opuntia ficus- indica - RI 1.132. The phytochemical compounds and pharmacological actions of the species were characterized in a survey carried out. A variety of medicinal cactus species were identified that are known and used throughout the country, related to the treatment of various health problems in different body systems. Studies such as this one help to protect traditional knowledge, favoring the conservation of floristic biodiversity.

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