TCC Técnico em Química

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https://repositorio.ifal.edu.br/handle/123456789/294

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Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8

Cimento: processo produtivo, impactos ambientais e adições de cinzas do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar
(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-04-18) Silva, Naiane de Jesus da; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Oliveira, André Luiz dos Santos; Rocha, Martha Suzana Rodrigues dos Santos
Currently the search for sustainable alternatives to minimize the environmental impacts environment impacts generated by cement production is growing every day with the increase of new technologies and science. The cement in question is a fine powder with binding properties or binders, whose raw material is limestone and clay cement is also a product of high durability when mixed with gravel and sand resulting in an important product for construction being the concrete. concrete is the most used material in the world being second only to water and is also responsible for part of the country's economy due to its large national and international consumption, so with the extraction of raw materials and cement production are generated negative impacts on the environment as the emission of CO2. For each ton of cement manufactured about 700kg of carbon oxide are emitted into the atmosphere during the production process. With the advancement of technology and industrial development, sustainable techniques were created to minimize these impacts, such as the addition of minerals to cement. The addition of minerals is a possible viable solution to reduce CO2 emissions, because it reduces the amount of clinker used in the manufacture of cement, such as the addition of sugar cane bagasse ash, which has a high polyozone content and can be applied as a partial substitute for cement. It is noteworthy that the concretes produced from the partial replacement of cement can present better characteristics than ordinary concrete, such as durability and stiffness, so based on a comparative study of the works of different authors it is possible to verify that in addition to minimizing the emission of pollutants, it is also a quality alternative to cement that results in a product that is rapidly gaining the industrial market in Brazil.
Diversificação das aplicações do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e das cinzas provenientes de sua queima
(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-04-25) Costa, Barbara Santos; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Leitão, Ana Laura Oliveira de Sá; Silva, Wcleuton Oliveira
Bagasse is a by-product from the milling of sugarcane, generating approximately 12 million tons every year. It is currently used mainly in energy cogeneration, but it can also be used in the manufacture of paper, animal feed, second-generation ethanol and in civil construction, contributing to the reduction of production costs in the sugar and alcohol sector, as well as enabling the generation of profit. with the sale of its surplus and the diversification of its application, in view of its various forms of use. In this sense, the present article aimed to present, through a literature review, some of the different methods of using sugarcane bagasse, including the use of the ash generated in its burning. With this, it was verified that all the methods presented constitute an adequate way of disposing of bagasse.
Etanol de segunda geração: vantagens e desvantagens
(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-04-06) Santos, Mariane Vasconcelos; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Leitão, Ana Laura Oliveira de Sá; Rocha, Martha Suzana Rodrigues dos Santos
With the interest of having a method capable of producing more ethanol without the need to increase the sugarcane plantation area, a production technique was developed from sugarcane biomass (bagasse and straw, composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin), and its product is called second-generation ethanol (E2G). However, from the conventional steps present in the production of first-generation ethanol, in this technique it is necessary to add two processing steps (pre-treatment and hydrolysis of the biomass). The present study aimed to study the E2G production method from the literature review. It was verified that this new ethanol production technology brings advantages, such as: reduction of carbon dioxide emission, producing more ethanol without increasing the planted area, fuel with high yield, among others; There are also disadvantages, namely: increased cost due to the addition of two process steps, need for skilled labor, lack of incentives for research, etc. Despite the challenges, this new production method of E2G was implemented by the GranBio plant, located in the municipality of São Miguel dos Campos/AL, which at the end of the process delivers an advanced, clean ethanol that does not compete with the food industry, implying which, despite not being a common method for all mills, is a viable option that delivers a quality product.
A importância das operações agrícolas no cultivo da cana-de-açúcar
(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-09-12) Silva, Maria Eriane André da; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; França, Márcio Abreu de; Leitão, Ana Laura de Sá
Sugarcane contributes to the Brazilian economy (NACHILUK, 2021), so, for the producer to obtain a quality cane, it is necessary that each stage of cultivation be done correctly. Given this bias, this study aims to review these steps, from planting to harvesting, providing information on the best paths that should be taken so that there is a quality final product and greater productivity through a literature review. At the end of it, it was possible to show that for a good result it is necessary to respect the recommendations made, from the moment of soil correction, to the choice of the harvesting system. In addition, such choices interfere with the sustainability of the sugarcane activity, since manual harvesting requires the burning of sugarcane straw, which causes the release of polluting gases, which contribute to the greenhouse effect.
Processo de obtenção do açúcar refinado granulado através do açúcar VHP
(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-03-23) Oliveira, Mirelly Barbosa Fontes de; Cabral, Mirelle Márcio Santos; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Cabral, Mirelle Márcio Santos; Cunha, Simonise Figueiredo Amarante
This report aims to present the stages of production of granulated refined sugar from VHP sugar, as experienced during an internship at Usina Caeté S/A – Marituba Unit, belonging to the Carlos Lyra group. The detailing of the process of obtaining refined granulated sugar was understood after experiencing the entire production process of the plant, from the manufacturing sector to the refinery, including the steps of physical-chemical analysis regarding the sugars produced. The analyzes were carried out in the company's industrial laboratory and encompass all stages of sugar refining, controlling the ideal parameters for liqueurs and cooked pasta, intermediate products of the production process, and the final product.
Processo de produção de açúcar e etanol
(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-09-12) Lima, João Henrique Linhares; França, Márcio Abreu de; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; França, Márcio Abreu de; Leitão, Ana Laura de Sá
The objective of this work is to report the process of cutting and harvesting sugarcane and the production of sugar and ethanol. The research has a descriptive aspect and presents a bibliographic study, where it describes that it was Martim Afonso de Souza who brought the first sugarcane seedling to Brazil, initiating the cultivation and construction of the first mill. Finally, sugarcane is essential for the sector of the Brazilian economy, from which the juice is extracted, where, following the entire harvesting process, sugar and ethanol are produced.
Remoção de Demanda Química de Oxigênio (DBO) em uma Estação de Tratamento de Efluentes (ETE) na Barra de São Miguel - AL
(2023) Medeiros, Dhyego Silva; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Rocha, Martha Suzana Rodrigues dos Santos; Santos, Renan Atanásio dos
Consisting of a series of measures taken with the aim of preserving environmental conditions, basic sanitation should improve the quality of life of the population and the development of economic activity. With this in mind, the aim of this article is to present the quality of sewage treated according to the limits established in CONAMA resolution 430/11 for BOD in a sewage treatment plant (the main feature of which is the Ascending Flow Anaerobic Reactor and Sludge Blanket system) and its main treatment stages in the city of Barra de São Miguel/AL, which has an estimated population of 8,434 inhabitants. BOD is a standard test, carried out at a constant temperature of 20ºC and during a fixed incubation period of 5 days, which serves to measure the amount of organic matter contained in the polluting sewage. The unit shows values below the standards required by law.
Segurança no trabalho na indústria sucroalcooleira
(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-03-21) Alves, Carley Nery; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Santos, Taciana do Nasciemento; Rocha, Martha Suzana Rodrigues dos Santos; Leitão, Ana Laura Oliveira de Sá
Safety at work is a topic of great socioeconomic relevance. Understood as the set of actions carried out by the company and the worker, with the aim of reducing damages and losses caused by aggressive agents, safety at work is guided by the search for improvements in the worker's working conditions. The obstacles and the complexity of the application of the legislation are related, above all, to the challenge of increasing the well-being and safety of the worker concomitantly with the increase of the productivity indexes. In the sugar and alcohol sector, the challenges are no less. The unsafe conditions of work in the field suggest the need to prepare people capable of facing and preventing accidents. In this context, the importance of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Collective Protection Equipment (EPC's) is foreseen from a legal point of view as the responsibility of the employer, who must adopt all necessary measures for the protection and safety of employees. In this sense, this study is guided by carrying out a theoretical survey on the topic of occupational safety in the sugar and ethanol industry.

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