Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso de Graduação

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Navegando Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso de Graduação por Área do Conhecimento "CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::FISICA"

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    Ensino da energia mecânica e sua conservação através de experimentos de baixo custo: uma aplicação no ensino médio
    (2025-12-22) Nunes, Maycon Douglas da Silva; Rodrigues, Giulianno Raposo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5230863188707826; Silva Júnior, Manoel Pereira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7261766909005536; Lobo, Adriano Malta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3017713890041770
    This Course Completion Paper aims to examine how experimental practices carried out with low-cost materials contribute to the understanding of mechanical energy concepts in high school, as well as to identify the main advances or difficulties perceived by students. The research, of a qualitative and interventionist nature, using an experimental approach, was conducted with first-year classes from the state public school system in Maceió, Alagoas, through the implementation of a teaching sequence composed of theoretical and practical lessons. The experimentation sought to promote active student engagement in the learning process and to motivate the pursuit of learning, enhancing knowledge construction and the development of critical thinking. Thus, the methodology involved the use of recyclable materials and simple experiments that allowed students to observe, measure, and discuss phenomena related to the conservation of mechanical energy. The results obtained indicate that the classes that participated in the experimental activities showed better performance and greater interaction compared to classes that had only lecture-based lessons. It is concluded that the use of low-cost experiments contributes satisfactorily to meaningful learning, arouses students’ interest, and enables a more contextualized approach to Physics teaching. Through this work, it is expected to encourage Physics teachers to carry out experiments in the classroom and to use them as an important complementary resource that contributes to a better understanding of the content addressed, relating it to students’ everyday situations.
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    Simulações interativas de óptica geométrica com VPython: uma abordagem didática
    (2025-05-29) Soares , Ariel José dos Santos; Costa, Alex Emanuel Barros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2231272728491909; Passos, Frederico Salgueiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6590059682506348; Hélcio Beserra do Nascimento Júnior; Jorge Luiz Araujo Rocha
    This final project addresses important points for Physics Teaching with a current theme, so we developed a computer simulation in Visual Python addressing geometric optics and based on Gardner's theories of multiple intelligences and David Ausubel's theory of meaningful learning. In the simulation, it is possible to observe how light behaves in geometric optics, allowing to visualize and understand phenomena such as reflection and refraction of light, even in three different materials. In this way, the student can choose the number of media according to the needs of the problem, the student can study through the simulation the concepts of lateral deviation of light (choosing 3 media) or total internal reflection (choosing 2 media). The work was not applied to high school classes, however, we planned a didactic sequence that can be used by the teacher as support material when using the simulation. The didactic sequence includes a pre-test questionnaire, with the application of the simulation and finally with the post-test questionnaire. The pre-test questionnaire should be applied by the teacher before using the simulation, to diagnose possible difficulties of the students, while the post-test questionnaire should be applied by the teacher after the simulation, so that results can be obtained regarding the usefulness of the simulation developed, and can be used by the teacher as a partial or total form of evaluation of the content worked on.
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    Vídeo-análise no ensino de física: um estudo comparativo entre o software Tracker e sensores de kits experimentais
    (2025-12-01) Costa, Alyson Silva da; Costa, Alex Emanuel Barros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2231272728491909; Passos, Frederico Salgueiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6590059682506348; Silva Junior, Manoel Pereira da; Oliveira, Marcos Henrique Abreu de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7597524437699021
    This study investigates the use of the open-source software Tracker as a supporting tool for physics education, particularly in contexts where the absence/deficiency of laboratories hinders the execution of experimental activities. The main objective is to evaluate the robustness and pedagogical applicability of results obtained through video analysis, comparing them with those acquired using electronic sensors from commercial experimental kits, focusing on the determination of the gravitational acceleration. The experiments analyzed include free fall and the simple pendulum, with data collected both from the kits’ sensors and from video recordings processed in Tracker. Statistical analysis showed that the results obtained with the software are in good agreement with the theoretical values and, in some cases, present smaller deviations than those from sensor-based experiments, highlighting the pedagogical potential and reliability of the tool for experimental Physics teaching.