Teses e Dissertações defendidas no IFAL

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Análise da inserção das plantas alimentícias não convencionais (PANC) na merenda escolar do município de Marechal Deodoro, Alagoas
(INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2025-01-28) Amorim, Paloma Sena; Melo, Ingrid Sofia Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4727408608738222; Calheiros, Altanys Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5985-6602; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9353777923030637; Melo, Joabe Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5180399418500159; Silva, Jose Pedro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1491552623899332
Non-Conventional Edible Plants (PANC) are edible plants that are not commonly part of the daily diet for most of the population but have high nutritional potential and are integral to the cultural traditions of various communities. This study analyzed the feasibility of incorporating PANC into the school meals of Marechal Deodoro (AL) and developed educational materials to disseminate the findings. The research adopted a descriptive approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods, including bibliographic research, field research, and case studies. Data were analyzed using electronic spreadsheets and action research, allowing for the integration of analysis and practical application. The results showed that 65% of participants were unfamiliar with the term "PANC," yet 54% already consumed parts of these plants, demonstrating practical knowledge despite lacking familiarity with the terminology. All participants expressed interest in cultivating PANC, and 100% were willing to expand their production. Additionally, 83% reported learning about PANC through popular wisdom, highlighting the importance of traditional knowledge. Based on these findings, an educational material featuring recipes was developed to encourage the introduction of PANC into school meals, promoting nutritional awareness and strengthening local food practices.
Avaliação de resíduo sólido como mulching alternativo e de agrofilmes na produção de alface na região semiárida de Alagoas
(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2021-12-30) Barros, José Anderson Soares; Cavalcante, Marcelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0221717690546039; Costa, Joao Gomes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2787724876009177; Santos, Márcio Aurélio Lins dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0192590447392368
The Soiltain DW® geosynthetic blanket is used in water treatment plants, in water filtration, has a shelf life of three months, in which it is then disposed of in sanitary landfills. Due to its characteristics, it consists of a solid residue with potential for agricultural use, as ground cover. This practice, known as mulching, common in plasticulture in temperate regions, reduces water losses, the incidence of weeds and labor. However, it can promote soil microclimate, especially in tropical and semi-arid regions, causing stress to plants. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of the Soiltain DW® geosynthetic blanket as an alternative mulching and the use of synthetic agrofilms in the production of lettuce cv. ‘Veneranda’ in Arapiraca, semi-arid region of Alagoas, Brazil. Four experiments were carried out between June/2020 and March/2021, in a completely randomized design, with four treatments (geosynthetic blanket, white and black polyethylene mulching, and bare soil) and five replications. The technical viability of the coverings was determined from the evaluation, at the end of each experiment, of the soil temperature, stand and morphoagronomic variables. Univariate and multivariate analyzes and Pearson’s correlations were applied. In the analysis of economic viability, indicators were used, from the cash flows between income and expenses, gross income, net income, profitability index and internal rate of return. There was a significant effect (P<0.05) for the interaction Soil cover x Planting times for all variables, except for root mass, indicating that these factors, together, promote changes in the behavior of lettuce cv. ‘Veneranda’. Univariate and multivariate analyzes showed the influence of mulching on lettuce in the four experiments, indicating that white mulching promoted favorable conditions for the evaluated morphoagronomic variables, promoting the highest yields in all cycles (average 19.9 Mg ha-1 ). Temperature is the response variable that exerted the most negative influence, mainly on stand, in which geosynthetic blanket and black mulching showed similarity, due to greater absorption of solar radiation and stand reduction. There is economic attractiveness for all the coverages studied, as there is a result that provides an economic return on the capital invested from the 2nd cropping cycle, when there is economic coverage of the initial investment value and coverage of the minimum attractiveness rate. The economic analysis showed that the geosynthetic blanket promoted the lowest effective operating costs, intermediate net income and lower profitability only than white mulching in the sum of the four experiments. Therefore, the four treatments evaluated are economically viable, especially white mulching. The Soiltain DW® geosynthetic blanket, solid waste, as it is free and reusable, can be used as an alternative mulching on lettuce cv. ‘Veneranda’, in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Arapiraca/AL.
Reservas Particulares do Patrimônio Natural (RPPNs) de Alagoas: da gênese aos usos
(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-07-27) Ferreira, Tarciéri de Souza; Romero, Renato de Mei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857771457585862; Araujo, Daniel de Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5837261784524743; Melo, Joabe Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5180399418500159; Santos, Poliana dos
Several sectors of society demand essential natural resources to maintain life, so the balance between the use and replacement of these resources is essential. In this context, the creation of protected areas can work as an excellent instrument of environmental management, especially in the provision of ecosystem services. Private Natural Heritage Reserves are private conservation units with the objective of achieving these assumptions. The objective of this study is to understand and characterize the processes related to creation and the uses given to this typology of protected area in Alagoas. A survey of data (spatial, bibliographic, documentary and interviews) was carried out on the reserves. Information from interviews with representatives of public agencies and civil society responsible for the creation and implementation, in addition to the owners or managers of the reserves, was analyzed. With this, we sought to identify three main points: 1. History of creation of RPPNs; 2. Description of the reserves, with administrative and maintenance aspects, conservation, biodiversity, threats; 3. Public and private uses of the reserve. As a result, we hope to assist in the composition of scientific information about them, once the existence of gaps in freely accessible data in official electronic addresses has been identified. As for the partial results obtained so far, it is possible to observe the identification of all the seventy-six existing reserves in the state, as well as the classification by domains and by stages of creation. From this, a higher concentration of reserves was identified in the Atlantic Forest domain compared to the Caatinga domain. This abundance of reserves, mainly in the Atlantic Forest, may be linked to actions by several sectors: the public ministry, the state environmental agency, non-governmental organizations active in this biome, as well as the initiative of the agro-industrial sector, since several protected areas are owned by the sugar and ethanol industries. Therefore, the emergence of RPPNs in the state of Alagoas was motivated by factors such as the institution of SNUC itself; the incentive to landowners through environmental compensation, in the form of a suggestion in accordance with the IMA and MP; regularization through decree 3050/2006; the need for forested areas to implement projects for the reintroduction of endangered species and actions to publicize this type of reserve among landowners carried out by IPMA. All these factors added to the development of the Mais RPPNs, Pró-Reservas plans and all the effort made by the NGOs, as well as a good relationship between the actors involved to facilitate the reduction of bureaucracy in the processes in public agencies were essential for the installation of RPPNs in the state.
Smart Grow Light: Sistema de Internet das Coisas para manejo de alfaces e microverdes em cultivo indoor com iluminação artificial.
(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2024-01-30) Vieira, Lucas Bryan Lima; Cunha, Mônica Ximenes Carneiro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1775024859845111; Souza Júnior, Marcilio Ferreira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2702843581642246; Bezerra, Tarcio Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5285201763618981
In an era driven by the technology of the fourth industrial revolution, producing on a large scale and maintaining quality is what everyone expects. The need for food production on the planet is increasing, with United Nations projections that, from 2050 onwards, the world population will exceed 10 billion people. In view of this factor, humanity needs to develop new agricultural techniques to provide, efficiently and on a large scale, healthier food to humanity. However, the availability of processed, transgender and industrialized foods poses a challenge for those who seek to take care of their health without losing the practicality of the modern world. Keeping these factors in mind, farmers, engineers and scientists have sought to implement new cultivation techniques by implementing modern technologies adorned with sustainable development. Faced with these challenges, the present work aimed to develop a system composed of hardware and software for the intelligent indoor cultivation of vegetable gardens with artificial lighting using the internet of things. The research methodology involved three stages: 1) Systematic Literature Review to investigate equipment and techniques used in the cultivation of indoor vegetable gardens; 2) Development of an architecture composed of hardware and software for intelligent indoor cultivation of vegetable gardens with artificial lighting; 3) Validation of the proposed architecture based on an experiment consisting of the installation of hardware and software devices to monitor the stages of indoor vegetable cultivation. For the experimentation stage, lettuce and beet microgreens, red cabbage and mustard were planted in a cabin that monitors the environmental variables of temperature and humidity inside and outside the cabin and automatically monitors the air fans, air and LED panel remotely via Wi-Fi, Zigbee and Bluetooth on the Tuya Smart app. The results obtained point to a system composed of hardware and software with full vegetable production capacity through its complete development from sowing, germination, transplanting and harvesting, producing beetroot and red cabbage microgreens without the emergence of fungi or any other insect problems during the observation period.
Uso do índice de vegetação como ferramenta de monitoramento do estado de conservação da Caatinga Alagoana
(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2024-01-31) Nascimento, Marco Antonio Diniz do; Calheiros, Altanys Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9353777923030637; Nascimento, Melchior Carlos do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3304840348256677; Monteiro, Kleython de Araujo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0601272599787430
The Caatinga region undergoes significant modifications in its natural environment, primarily caused by the removal of native vegetation cover, often resulting from illegal deforestation for various purposes and soil exploitation. Therefore, our study presents results on the monitoring of areas covered by native Caatinga vegetation in the Immediate Microregion of Delmiro Gouveia, which includes the municipalities of Delmiro Gouveia, Água Branca, Mata Grande, Pariconha, Piranhas, Olho D’Água do Casado, and Inhapi, located in the hinterland of the Alagoas state. To do so, the research method employed to achieve the results of territorial distribution and quantification of Caatinga vegetation cover is divided into: (i) analysis of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index - NDVI and Enhanced Vegetation Index - EVI; (ii) analysis of areas adjacent to the 'canal do sertão' (aqueduct project) within a radius of 5 km; (iii) cross-referencing areas embargoed by environmental agencies due to illegal vegetation suppression; and (iv) monitoring land use for the years 2002 and 2022. To obtain the results, images from the Landsat 7 satellite were used, with a spatial resolution of 15 meters (panchromatic) at a cartographic scale of 1:25,000. The analyses obtained through NDVI and EVI did not show significant differences in the distribution of Caatinga vegetation on the ground. The pixel values corresponding to the presence of Caatinga vegetation varied from 0.8 in the year 2002 to 0.6 in the year 2022 for NDVI results, and from 18.8 in the year 2002 to 16.5 in the year 2022 for EVI results. On the other hand, the land use monitoring reveals a 31% reduction in Caatinga vegetation between the years 2002 and 2022, along with anthropized areas, highlighting a 23% growth in agropastoral areas and 11% in exposed soil. In conclusion, the methodology applied on this study yielded satisfactory results for assessing vegetation cover, providing outcomes of environmental, social, and academic interest.
Viabilidade técnica do uso do lodo de estação de tratamento de água na produção de alface
(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-06-10) Silva, Jose Luis Tavares da; Cavalcante, Marcelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0221717690546039; Costa, Joao Gomes da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0449078764189687; Santos, Márcio Aurélio Lins dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0192590447392368
In water treatment plants (WTP) procedures are developed that result in water potability, generate a residual by-product called WTP sludge, with polluting potential. The association of WTP sludge to commercial substrates seedling production is presented as an ecologically correct and economically viable alternative. The objective of this research was to analyze the technical feasibility of using WTP sludge added to four commercial substrates in the production of seedlings of five lettuce cultivars and their performance in the field, in Arapiraca, semiarid region of Alagoas. The research was divided into two stages. The 1st, at greenhouse level, the experiment was installed in a completely randomized design, 4 x 4 x 5 factorial scheme, considering the four commercial substrates (Pindstrup®, Vida Verde®, Bioplant 434® and Bioplant 401®), four levels of substrate replacement by sludge (0, 20, 40 and 60%) and five lettuce cultivars (‘Veneranda’, ‘Camila’, ‘Elba’, ‘Vitória Verdinha’ and ‘Diva’), with four replications. It was observed that the percentage of emergence was influenced by the addition of sludge, mainly in the Pindstrup substrate and at a dose of 60%, with 0% emergence. The seedling quality index (SQI) was influenced by the sludge doses, with the addition of up to 20% being recommended. In the 2nd experiment, the seedlings produced in the 1st stage were evaluated at field level, adopting a randomized block design, 3 x 3 x 5 factorial scheme, with three commercial substrates (Vida Verde, Bioplant 434 and Bioplant 401), three levels of substrate replacement by sludge (0, 20 and 40%) and five lettuce cultivars (‘Veneranda’, ‘Camila’, ‘Elba’, ‘Vitória Verdinha’ and ‘Diva’). Biometric variables were analyzed at harvest time, 25 days after transplanting. A triple interaction was observed for plant height, leaf length and yield. In general, all cultivars showed similar productivity (P>0.05) in up to 20% of sludge inclusion, regardless of substrate. Cultivars that had reduced SQI, in the 1st experiment, resumed growth and had similar productivity (0 up to 40% sludge), such as cultivars ‘Camila’ (Vida Verde), ‘Veneranda’ and ‘Diva’ (Bioplant 434) and ‘Veneranda’, ‘Camila’, ‘Elba’ and ‘Vitória Verdinha’ (Bioplant 401). The inclusion of sludge to replace the commercial substrate presents technical feasibility with potential for cost reduction and environmental preservation

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