Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso Técnico Integrado e Subsequente

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    Etanol de segunda geração: vantagens e desvantagens
    (Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-04-06) Santos, Mariane Vasconcelos; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento; Leitão, Ana Laura Oliveira de Sá; Rocha, Martha Suzana Rodrigues dos Santos
    With the interest of having a method capable of producing more ethanol without the need to increase the sugarcane plantation area, a production technique was developed from sugarcane biomass (bagasse and straw, composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin), and its product is called second-generation ethanol (E2G). However, from the conventional steps present in the production of first-generation ethanol, in this technique it is necessary to add two processing steps (pre-treatment and hydrolysis of the biomass). The present study aimed to study the E2G production method from the literature review. It was verified that this new ethanol production technology brings advantages, such as: reduction of carbon dioxide emission, producing more ethanol without increasing the planted area, fuel with high yield, among others; There are also disadvantages, namely: increased cost due to the addition of two process steps, need for skilled labor, lack of incentives for research, etc. Despite the challenges, this new production method of E2G was implemented by the GranBio plant, located in the municipality of São Miguel dos Campos/AL, which at the end of the process delivers an advanced, clean ethanol that does not compete with the food industry, implying which, despite not being a common method for all mills, is a viable option that delivers a quality product.
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    Produção de bioetanol de segunda geração: indicadores ambientais, econômicos e balanço energético
    (Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-04-05) Oliveira, Kauane Beatriz da Silva de; Rocha, Martha Suzana Rodrigues dos Santos; Rocha, Martha Suzana Rodrigues dos Santos; Leitão, Ana Laura Oliveira de Sá; Santos, Taciana do Nascimento
    With the constant oil crises, the high prices and the possibility of its depletion, added to the many negative effects on the environment, the interest in alternative energy sources that are environmentally advantageous has increased. Thus, the possibility arises of producing second- generation ethanol as an alternative to fossil fuels, since it is produced from lignocellulosic biomass (sugarcane, corn and beet residues, among others). In addition to being very attractive for the diversification of the energy matrix and for the prevention of the environment, it presents solutions to problems such as the need to increase the fuels production without increase the planted area and also reduces competition with food production. The use of lignocellulosic materials requires a pre-treatment in order to separate their fractions (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) to obtain a greater recovery of sugars, aiming at efficiency and productivity in the fermentation process. Therefore, this work seeks to analyze, through a literature review, the sustainability of 2G ethanol, which still needs greater investment in research to improve its efficiency and productivity, it can be concluded that Brazil has great potential for the production of this biofuel.