TCC Engenharia Agronômica

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    Acúmulo de biomassa em cultivares de sorgo sob duas densidades de plantio no sertão de Alagoas
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2021-10-14) Silva, Raquel Soares da; Cruz, Ellen Abreu da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8433613370953519; Souza, Ênio Gomes Flôr; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9225008513028085; Gouveia Neto, Gilberto da Cruz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4102915858451049; Ferraz, André Pereira Freire; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8628-9420; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0500595014121582
    In the western region of Alagoas, there is an obstacle in the production of food for animals: low productivity, resulting in few stocks of feed for the dry season, which can last for months or years. Dealing with this issue, it is necessary to study different sorghum cultivars that enable the producer to use genetic materials that best develop in his property. There is also the importance of the analysis of planting densities, in order to favor greater growth and productivity to the culture. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the biomass accumulation of sorghum cultivars produced at two planting densities in the western region of Alagoas. The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of the Federal Institute of Alagoas, Piranhas Campus, in dryland cultivation, between June and September 2019, under randomized block design, with treatments arranged in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with four repetitions. The treatments consisted of four sorghum cultivars, three forage (BRS Ponta Negra, IPA 467, and Chopper) and one grain (IPA 1011), and two planting densities: 187.5 thousand plants ha-1 (three plants per pit every 0.20 m) and 250 thousand plants ha-1 (two plants per pit every 0.10 m). At the pasty/farinaceous grain stage, the following were evaluated: fresh and dry masses of leaves, stem, panicle, and total; percentage of dry mass; and productivity of fresh and dry mass. The planting densities did not influence the aboveground biomass accumulation of the sorghum cultivars. The average dry mass accumulation reached 27.47 g plant-1 in the stem, 17.20 g plant- 1 in the leaves and 7.45 g plant-1 in the panicle. The cultivars BRS Ponta Negra and IPA 467 obtained the highest total values of fresh and dry mass, while Chopper and IPA 1011 accumulated more panicle biomass than the others. The fresh mass yields were 42.84 t ha-1 (BRS Ponta Negra), 39.95 t ha-1 (IPA 467), 28.85 t ha-1 (IPA 1011) and 23.41 t ha-1 (Chopper), with an average dry mass percentage of 28.81 %. In both planting densities studied, the cultivars BRS Ponta Negra, IPA 467 and IPA 1011 constituted genetic materials of high potential for biomass production in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Alagoas.
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    Ánalise meteorológica, produtividade e crescimento do milho irrigado durante as estações de verão e inverno no sertão alagoano
    (2023-07-04) Nunes, Willyane Ferreira; Silva, Samuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6455568737417686; Prates, Fabiano Barbosa de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6530012770891274; Silva, Jose Madson da; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0237-4762; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506
    The maize growing season throughout the year can influence its growth and productivity, since edaphoclimatic conditions vary between seasons. This study aimed to analyze the agrometeorological variables and evaluate the productivity and growth of corn grown at different times in the Sertão Alagoano region. For this, the hybrid AG7088 of high productive potential was used, which was tested at the Federal Institute of Alagoas/Campus Piranhas, the first season being from December 2016 to March 2017 and the second season from March to July 2018. The water requirement of the crop for irrigation management was calculated using crop evapotranspiration (ETc), obtained from a meteorological station located close to the experimental area. The agrometeorological analysis was carried out, in addition to the biometry of the plants, in which growth, leaf area index, canopy height, as well as grain yield and water use efficiency were evaluated. The results obtained in the two periods were submitted to Student's t test. Season 1 climatic conditions provided greater corn crop growth for the analyzed variables, with the exception of the leaf area index. The grain yield of irrigated corn is higher in the dry season in the region of Piranhas - AL, however, the efficiency in water use is lower due to the greater volume of water required for irrigation due to the high rates of evapotranspiration.
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    Biometria e produtividade de grãos de híbridos de milho no alto sertão sergipano
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2023-02-01) Conceição, Rosana Tavares; Souza, Ênio Gomes Flôr; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9225008513028085; Costa, Kleyton Danilo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3562128215536520; Silva, Jose Madson da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506
    Corn is a crop of great socioeconomic importance used in animal feed. Brazil is the third largest producer of the grain, with plantations in several regions. In Sergipe the culture has been widely exploited, however, some regions face difficulties to achieve good results in grain production, choosing the correct cultivar helps to minimize losses. Therefore, the objective of the research was to evaluate the characteristics of corn hybrids for grain in the Sergipe semi-arid region regarding its productivity and biometry. The experiment took place in lot 2N-01, of Sector 3, of the California Irrigated Perimeter, located in the city of Canindé de São Francisco, under randomized block design, with thirteen treatments and four repetitions. The treatments were twelve corn hybrids: BM930 PRO3, BM855 PRO2, BM990 VIP3, BM815 PRO2, BM270 PRO2, BM709 PRO2, BM880 PRO3, BM3066 PRO2, K7500 VIP3, K9606 VIP3, K9555 VIP3, K7510 VIP3; and one variety: BRS Gorutuba. After physiological maturity, the evaluated characteristics were: plant height to the stem, stem diameter, ear insertion height, ear length, ear diameter, number of grain rows, grain mass per ear, 100-grain mass, and grain yield. Hybrid K7510 showed the best result for plant to ear height (260.72 cm). For ear insertion height, two groups were formed. Hybrids K7500 VIP3 and BM3066 PRO2 stood out in the ear diameter variable with averages of (5.56 cm and 5.46, respectively). For the number of grain rows, hybrid BM990 VIP3 stood out (19.70 units). Regarding the weight of one hundred grains, most hybrids formed a group with better performance and for productivity, only the free-pollinated variety had an average well below the other cultivars (6,964.29 kg ha-1).
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    Características agronômicas e rentabilidade de híbridos de milho para grãos no Sertão de Alagoas
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2022-02-24) Correia, Andre dos Anjos; Souza, Ênio Gomes Flôr; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9225008513028085; Souza, Almir Rogerio Evangelista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9266-5063; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5565092143060833; Barbosa, Marcílio de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8917018101872409
    In the interior scrubland, State of Alagoas, the corn is largely produced in a dry place and has a major importance in human food production and animal feeding. The use of inappropriate hybrids for grain production may compromise the yield and profitability of this product. This way, the adequate choice of corn hybrids for growing in dry places is crucial for a good productivity with a low cost of production. Therefore, the objective of this research is to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and the corn hybrids yield for dry grains grown in the rainy periods of Piranhas County, Alagoas. The work was conducted in the experimental field of the Federal Institute of Alagoas, Piranhas Campus, from April 29 to August 25, 2021. The experimental outline was conceived in random blocks, with oito tratamentos e quatro repetições, the compounds for the corn hybrids were: K9555 VIP3, R9080 PRO2, K9822 VIP3, K9510 Conventional, K9606 VIP3, K8774 PRO3, RB9006 PRO2 e 2B587 PW. The agronomic characteristics evaluated were: plant height and diameter, tassel length, ear insertion height, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows of grains, mass of cob, grain mass per ear, grain moisture, 100 grains mass, grain yield and water use efficiency. The hybrid K9555 VIP3 presented the best results to: plant height and water use efficiency, 158.80 cm; insertion height of the ear, 95.61 cm; grain yield, 3.43 t ha-1 ; water use efficiency, 1.29 kg m-1 ; profitability, R$ 519.37 ha- 1 ; and rate of return, R$ 1.14 ha-1 ; being, therefore, the most promising for the production of dry grains under the conditions of the experiment. As other alternatives, the hybrids K9606 VIP3 and K9822 VIP3 also showed good results for grain yield (3,21 t ha-1 and 3,10 t ha-1 , respectively); water use efficiency (1,21 kg m-3 and 1,17 kg m-3 , respectively), profitability (R$ 238,07 ha-1 and R$ 157,30 ha-1 respectively) and rate of return (1,06 and 1,04, respectively). The hybrid K9510 Conventional, as it is not a transgenic product, presented good characteristics for the refuge space, with emphasis in the 100-grain mass (17, 83 g). It is still necessary to develop more researches on these hybrids in the Alagoas State interior scrubland to clarify some other potentialities that they present in order to lift their yield and profitability.
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    Crescimento de genótipos de milho em diferentes intervalos de avaliação
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2023-12-20) Farias, Thassila Silva De; Silva, Jose Madson da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506; Souza, Ênio Gomes Flôr; Oliveira Filho, Antônio Francelino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7940724279029705
    Maize is a crop of great socio-economic importance for animal and human nutrition. Evaluating the growth of cultivars is crucial to determining the performance and adaptability of these genetic materials in different growing environments (soils, temperature regimes, water availability and management practices). In Sergipe, maize has been widely exploited, however, some regions of the state face obstacles in achieving higher yields, and choosing the right cultivar minimizes production losses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of maize genotypes in the environmental conditions of the Alto Sertão region of Sergipe, Brazil. The experiment took place on plot 2N-01, Sector 3, of the California Irrigated Perimeter, located in the municipality of Canindé de São Francisco-SE, between the months of April and August 2022, under a randomized block design, with four replications and treatments arranged in plots subdivided by time, consisting of twelve corn hybrids in the plots: BM930 PRO3, BM855 PRO2, BM990 VIP3, BM815 PRO2, BM270 PRO2, BM709 PRO2, BM880 PRO3, BM3066 PRO2, K7500 VIP3, K9606 VIP3, K9555 VIP3, K7510 VIP3; and one variety: BRS Gorutuba. The subplots consisted of four intervals for assessing plant growth: 22 days after planting - DAP, 36 DAP, 50 DAP and 67 DAP. The characteristics assessed were: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant, leaf area and leaf area index. The factors genotypes and evaluation intervals had an isolated influence on thatch diameter. For the number of leaves per plant, there was an isolated effect of the evaluation intervals. There was an interaction between the factors for the characteristics of plant height, leaf area and leaf area index. Plant height, the number of leaves per plant, leaf area and leaf area index showed a tendency to increase over the growth assessment intervals. However, from 50 days after planting, the genotypes showed a decrease in stalk diameter. The hybrids K7510 VIP3, K9555 VIP and BM855 PRO2 showed the best growth results.
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    Crescimento e graus-dia acumulados de cultivares de sorgo sob duas densidades de plantio
    (2022-02-25) Silva, Thiago Pereira da; Souza, Ênio Gomes Flôr; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9225008513028085; Silva, Jose Madson da; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0237-4762; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506; Pôrto, Mônica Lima Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5222956631716535
    The study about the sorghum is of important relevance for farmers and ranchers, because it has great rusticity and is among the most cultivated cereals in the world, being widely used for animal feed in the form of silage, pasture and/or grains. Knowing which the cultivar and planting density in relation to the accumulated degree days allows the producer to carry out sowing at the most suitable times and with greater chances of obtaining high yields. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to determine the growth and accumulated degree days of sorghum cultivars under two planting densities in rainfed cultivation in Alto Sertão de Alagoas. The experiment was carried out in the rainy season of 2019 in the experimental field of the Instituto Federal de Alagoas, Campus Piranhas, under a randomized block, with installments subdivided in time, with four replications. The treatments referred to the combination of three forage sorghum cultivars (IPA 467, BRS Ponta Negra and Chopper) and one grain (IPA 1011), with two planting densities: 187.5 thousand plants ha-1 and 250 thousand plants ha-1 . The subplots were constituted by the accumulated degree days (AG) according to the days after planting (DAP), which were added to 39 DAP (568.86 °C), 53 DAP (762.53 °C), 66 DAP (941.56°C) and 81 DAP (1,158.27°C). The characteristics evaluated were: plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves per plant. The sorghum cultivars and planting densities showed similar plant heights, except for the Chopper cultivar, which obtained lower values in the two densities, with a statistical difference at 53 DAP (762.53 °C), 66 DAP (941.56 °C) and 81 DAP (1,158.27 °C), presenting a final average in the last evaluation of 73.20 cm and 80.86 cm, for the densities of 250 thousand plants ha-1 and 187.5 thousand plants ha-1 , respectively. The stem diameter had no significant difference at 39 DAP (568.86 °C) and 66 DAP (941.56 °C), however, at 81 DAP (1,158.27 °C), the cultivar IPA 467 at density of 250 thousand plants ha-1 had a diameter of 16.10 mm, surpassing IPA 1011 in the density of 250 thousand plants ha-1 (12.25 mm). For the number of leaves per plant, there was no statistical difference for the treatments when the GDA were 568.86 °C and 762.53 °C, but, in the last two evaluations at 66 DAP and 81 DAP there was a variation in the number of leaves , with the lowest average in the IPA 467 in the density of 250 thousand plants ha-1 (2.70 leaves per plant), when the GDA were of 1,158.27 °C, not differing statistically from the IPA 467 x 187.5 thousand plants ha-1 ( 3.05 leaves per plant), BRS Ponta Negra x 250 thousand plants ha-1 (4.22 leaves per plant) and IPA 1011 x 250 thousand plants ha-1 (3.80 leaves per plant). The sorghum cultivars and plant densities had the same growth behavior, obtaining a constant increase and subsequent decrease or stabilization. Between 66 DAP (941.56 °C) and 81 DAP (1,158.27 °C), there was a tendency for the number of leaves and stem diameter to decrease. Plant height had an initial constant increase, with subsequent stabilization when the GDA ranged from 941.56 °C (66 DAP) to 11158.27 °C (81 DAP).
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    Crescimento e produtividade de genótipos de palma, cultivados em diferentes regimes hídricos no semiárido
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2023-01-26) Petrauskas, Rhuan Alencar Britto; Silva, Randerson Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7477067848979919; Silva, Jose Madson da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506; Santos, Élcio Gonçalves dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6386426297448636
    Cactus pear is one of the most cultivated species and an important alternative to support food for livestock in the semi-arid region of the Brazilian Northeast, however, some locations do not have a suitable climate for its development, requiring water supplementation. Its productivity and development has better result in the criterion of irrigation management. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the growth and development of cactus pear, using the irrigation management strategy on productivity in different water regimes. The experiment was carried out in a rural property in the municipality of Canindé de São Francisco-SE. The trial was carried out in randomized blocks with 4 repetitions in a 4x2 factorial scheme, with four varieties of palms in two water regimes. The irrigation system used was located with dripped tapes. The agronomic variables studied were: plant height and width, number of paddles per plant, length, width and thickness of the paddle, green mass weight and dry mass weight. To evaluate the production cost in the second cycle of the plant's culture, the effective operating cost (EOC), cost with administrative charge (CEA) and the total operating cost (TOC) were evaluated. The small variety responded positively to the application of irrigation. The varieties: elephant ear, Mexican, girl's hand and giant. There was no increase in the number of rackets with the application of irrigation. The acquisition of mineral fertilizers is the factor that most burdens the total operating cost.
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    Efeito do déficit hídrico em diferentes fases fenológicas do milho, no Semiárido alagoano
    (2021-10-08) Sousa, Amanda Cibele da Paz; Teodoro, Iêdo; Silva, Samuel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7002-4388; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6455568737417686; Silva, José Madson da
    The deficit of water in the soil promotes physiological responses in the plant capable of altering the growth, development and yield of the crop, in which it is essential to study the behavior of the plant against water stress to determine the proper management of irrigation. This project aimed to evaluate the effect of water deficit on different phenological stages of corn in the semiarid region. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Institute of Alagoas/Campus Piranhas, from February to June 2019, the experimental design used in the experiment was strips with four replications, in which the treatments were five periods of submission of the crop to deficit stress water, which occurred from the following phases: tanning, pollination, milky grain, pasty grain and farinaceous grain (without stress). From the data collected during the experiment, the following steps were followed:estimation crop evapotranspiration (ETc), analysis of the effect of climatic elements on the crop, evaluation of plant growth, determination of productivity and evaluation of ear variables under the effect of water deficit, and verification of the level of impact of water stress caused in each phenological phase of the crop. Plants subjected to water deficit in the tasseling and flowering phases suffered variation, leaf area index (LAI), number of grains per spike, dry weight of a thousand grains and low yield when compared with plants subjected to the farinaceous grain phase. Radiation, air temperature and humidity do not dissipate in the thermal limitation for corn development throughout the cycle. Plants subjected to water deficit in the tasseling and flowering phase were less productive when compared to plants grown under full irrigation.
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    Produtividade e crescimento de genótipos de palma forrageira irrigados com água salobra
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2022-03-04) Farias, Mayara França; Silva, Jose Madson da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506; Silva, Randerson Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7477067848979919; Gouveia Neto, Gilberto da Cruz
    Forage cactus constitutes an important alternative for forage support for the semiarid Northeastern region of Brazil. Accordingly, a worthy mentioning technology to increase its productivity is the suplementar irrigation. This academic work aimed to study the growing and production features of carmine mealybug resistant cactus genotypes, subjected to varying depths of brackish water suplementar irrigation. Experiments procedures were conducted using water collected from the Poço Doce ́s site, located in the minicipality of Piranhas. In terms of methodology, the tests were carried out on a randomized blocks basis with 4 replications in the split-plot scheme, with the plot consisting of five saline water replacement depths: L1 = 0 mm/month, 7.5 mm/month, 15 mm/month, 22, 5 mm/month and 30 mm/month. These aforementioned replacement depths were divided into three monthly applications, and the subportion was composed of the two varieties of forage cactus (Orelha de Elefante Mexicana and Miúda). Using drip tapes to situate the irrigation system, the following characteristics were evaluated: final plants quantity (plants/m2); number of rackets per plant; height and width of plants (m); primary, secondary and tertiary rackets length (cm), width (cm), thickness (mm), and green mass (kg/racket); dry matter percentage and productivity (Mg/ha). We found that optimal forage cactus growth and productivity were achieved for irrigation depth of 15 mm/month. Last, but not least, we concluded that the Orelha de Elefante Mexicana variety showed better growth and productivity characteristics than the Miúda one, and in addition, it presented small percentages of dry matter regardless of the amount of irrigation.
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    Qualidade fisiológica de sementes crioulas de feijão-comum provenientes do sertão alagoano
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2024-08-08) Bezerra, Mítila Mayane Silva; Marques, Fabio Jose; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7043-4125; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2597421090332829; Costa, Kleyton Danilo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3562128215536520; Silva, José Madson da; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0237-4762; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506
    The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important source of food and income for Brazilian farmers, mainly used for grain production. It is a traditional legume for country families, where it demands lower technological levels to be cultivated, which can, potentially, decrease its productivity and unevenness in the field. Given that, creole seeds play an important role due to their genetic variability, adaptation, and low cost. To guarantee satisfactory performance in the field, as well as their perpetuation, it is crucial that, beyond having desirable genetic characteristics, the seeds present a good physiological potential. Thus, knowing the physiological quality of established creole materials is essential to their conservation, proper use, and good performance. Accordingly, this work aims to assess the physiological quality of creole genotypes of common bean from Alagoas’ semi-arid region. The experiment was conducted in the plant production laboratory at IFAL Piranhas campus, using seven genotypes of P. vulgaris, including six heirlooms from the Poço Doce II community, Piranhas-AL municipality (Carioquinha, Mulatinho, Mulatão, Preto, Leite, and Vagem Roxa) and one commercial variety (BRS-FC-402) as a control, comprising seven treatments. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used, with 7 treatments (seven genotypes) and 4 replications, totaling 28 sample plots. To analyze seed quality, the following tests were performed: Germination Test, evaluating the parameters of Germination, First Germination Count, Seedling Dry Mass, and Seedling Shoot Length; the Tetrazolium Test, evaluating vigor and viability; and the Electrical Conductivity Test. The germination test was based on the Rules for Seed Testing (RAS), and the others were adapted from the book "Seed Vigor: Concepts and Tests." The obtained data were subjected to analysis of variance, and when significant effects were observed by the F-test (p<0.05), the Scott-Knott grouping test was applied at 5% probability. No significant differences were observed among the genotypes in the germination test, first germination count, and vigor by the tetrazolium test. For seedling shoot length, the Preto genotype had the highest value, followed by the Carioquinha and Mulatão genotypes, with the others in the lower-length group. The Vagem-Roxa, Mulatão, and Leite genotypes stood out in terms of seedling dry mass. Regarding viability by the tetrazolium test, only the Mulatão genotype showed significantly lower values. In the electrical conductivity test, the Mulatinho, Carioquinha, Mulatão, and Vagem-Roxa genotypes stood out. The results demonstrate that the seeds of the heirloom bean varieties from the Alagoas backlands exhibited high and comparable physiological quality when compared to the commercial cultivar.
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    Seleção de progênies de tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum l.) tolerantes à salinidade
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2023-01-27) Nascimento, Thamara Pereira do; Costa, Kleyton Danilo da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4631-3240; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3562128215536520; Silva, Michelangelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5831953262176334; Prates, Fabiano Barbosa de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6530012770891274
    Tomato is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world, representing a significant source of employment and income, mainly in Brazilian Northeast, where risks of soil salinity constitute limiting factors for good crop development. Breeding programs for selection of progenies that tolerate this abiotic stress are essential. Then, the objective of this work is to select salinity-tolerant tomato progenies. For the experiment, 400 plants of F3 generation, 400 plants of F2 generation, 60 F1 plants and 60 plants of each parent, that is, the IPA-7 and Yoshimatsu cultivars, totaling 980 plants; for the second experiment, 400 plants of F2 generation, 60 plants of F1 and 60 plants of each parent (Yoshimatsu and IPA-7), totaling 580 plants, at a high level of salinity, in four replications were evaluated. The experiment was carried out in pots for 30 days, with evaluations taking place during 20 and 30 days after transplanting. On evaluation for the first experiment, morethan 50% of generations at 20 days demonstrated that they are tolerant, already at 30 days only the Yoshimatsu genitor showed tolerance, where others were not tolerantg, with variations in notes. For evaluation of the second experiment at 30 days after transplanting, as in the first one, only Yoshimatsu genitor was tolerant and others demonstrated more than 70% of generations not tolerant to saline level. The selection of tomato progenies is indicated from 30 days after transplanting. Through the F2 and F3 generations, dominance of non-tolerant phenotype was observed, indicating that possible salinity tolerance genes are recessive. Through the inheritance study that indicated the action of another recessive gene combined with experimental conditions, it was not possible to select salinity-tolerant progenies.
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    Silagem a base de capim-elefante, feijão guandu e milho
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2023-12-19) Silva, Mayara da; Costa, Kleyton Danilo da Silva Costa; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4631-3240; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3562128215536520; Silva, Randerson Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7477067848979919; Silva, Jose Madson da; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0237-4762; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506; Silva, Michelangelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5831953262176334
    The use of forage conservation techniques plays a fundamental role in animal feeding and nutrition, ensuring the supply of quality food during periods of drought. Ensiling is one of the most used techniques for forage conservation, which consists of the anaerobic fermentation of forage, resulting in the production of lactic acid, inhibiting unwanted microorganisms and preserving the quality of the silage. The appropriate selection of the plant to be ensiled plays an extremely important role, as its composition directly influences the quality of the silage. Silage production using elephant grass, gaundu beans and ground corn emerge as efficient nutritional alternatives due to their nutritional composition, favorable cost-benefit, resistance to adverse weather conditions and potential increase in animal productivity. Therefore, the present work aimed to analyze the chemical composition and fermentative parameters of silage produced with different levels of protein using elephant grass cv. BRS Capiaçu, pigeon pea cv. IPA 43 and ground corn, seeking to highlight which treatment has the best bromatological and fermentative quality. The experiment was set up in a Completely Randomized Design (DIC), with four treatments and five replications, totaling 20 experimental plots. Each treatment presented a different protein level, these being 11, 12, 13 and 14% of crude protein (CP). The fermentation profile was evaluated by measuring °Brix, pH, temperature, dry matter losses through gases (PG) and green matter losses through effluents (PE), in bromatological analysis the CP and Dry Matter contents were determined ( MS). The treatment with 14% CP demonstrated better performance in terms of DM, with 31.8% DM, and PG with 5.38% losses. CP analysis did not indicate losses during the fermentation process. Although the temperature showed a significant difference, all treatments remained within the acceptable temperature range according to the literature, with an average of 25.76°C. The parameters pH, °Brix and PE did not show significant differences between treatments, with averages of 4.41, 6.99 and 1.78 Kg/Mg respectively, remaining at levels suitable for making quality silage. The silage formulation presented adequate bromatological and fermentative parameters at all protein levels. The treatment with 14% protein is the most recommended as it presents a greater amount of dry matter and lower gas losses.
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    Uma questão de gênero: A evasão feminina nos cursos de ciências agrárias do IFAL- Campus Piranhas
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2023-12-14) Ventura, Ruth do Nascimento; Paiva, Monikely de Oliveira Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0034233122382052; Silva, Michelangelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5831953262176334; Fireman, Ana Luiza Azevedo; Silva, Jailson Costa da
    Female dropout in secondary and higher education courses, especially in the area of Agricultural Sciences, is a phenomenon that generates concern and has been raising concerns for a long time, despite the increase in female presence in various areas of knowledge, women are facing challenges in this regard. field of science. Courses focused on Agricultural Sciences have a large male participation, which ends up reinforcing that agricultural activities are of interest and responsibility only to men. However, in recent decades there has been an increase in female participation in these areas, whether due to the search for greater professional diversity or the current perception of the importance of environmental management and sustainable development. There are many motivations that can lead to this regression, such as family issues, economic issues and even inspirations, in addition, many others are raised with regard to this topic, mainly in the context of inequality between genders in career pursuits and of opportunities that are little explored and discussed since a woman's childhood, whether within the family or more externally. Therefore, the objective of this work was to infer the reasons that lead students from agricultural courses (both technical and higher education) at an HEI in the interior of Alagoas to give up on academic life. The present study was developed at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Alagoas (IFAL), on the Piranhas Campus. The research is qualitative in nature, descriptive in nature, where an explanation was made of the factors that lead to the regression of studies for female individuals, and is bibliographical, where texts and data were used to help understand the subject. The type of sampling used was non-probability convenience sampling. The questions were developed in the Likert style, being one of the most suitable for carrying out opinion research, developed in the United States in the 1930s and measuring the degree of compliance of the respondent with a statement, these are presented and the person interviewed issued the your degree of agreement with the sentence, among the answer options, are: 1) totally disagree, 2) disagree, 3) neutral, 4) agree and 5) totally agree. The factors listed for female dropout rates in Agricultural Sciences courses were issues related to the distance from the students' homes and adapting to their study routine, which becomes exhausting when combined with the route they travel every day. To discuss these points, one should not only focus on the problem itself, but on solutions that could be fundamental to reducing the number of female students dropping out of their respective courses. Therefore, consider the factors that make them believe that completing their course and continuing their academic life is crucial for their future. Techniques for integrating these students into the social and academic environment can help them stay and possibly help them resolve some type of problem faced outside the institution.
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    Uso econômico da água no cultivo do feijão caupi irrigado no semiárido alagoano
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2022-02-16) Silva, Carla Sabrina da; Silva, Samuel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7002-4388; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6455568737417686; Silva, Randerson Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7477067848979919; Silva, Jose Madson da; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0237-4762; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506
    Irrigation in agriculture allows conditions for genetic material to express its full production potential in the field, but scientific studies are needed to optimize the use of water in regions of difficult access to it, such as semi-arid regions. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the economic irrigation depth for cowpea cultivation in the Sertão Alagoano region.A creole variety commonly cultivated by farmers in the region was used, which was subjected to five irrigation depths (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration-ETc). The experiment was developed at the Federal Institute of Alagoas/Campus Piranhas, during the months of February to May 2018. The culture was irrigated by drip, in which irrigation costs plus planting costs and cultural treatments were used to determine the economic level of water, through the analysis of grain productivity. Yield differed statistically between the slides applied, according to the F test (p<0.05). The culture of cowpea of creole genetic nature has a low response to irrigation, in which the economic depth is independent of the selling price of the grain and is close to the depth that provides maximum physical yield.