Dissertação Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologias Ambientais

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Navegando Dissertação Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologias Ambientais por Área do Conhecimento "CIENCIAS HUMANAS"

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    Avaliação da qualidade ambiental do complexo estuarino lagunar mundaú-manguaba – CELMM, Alagoas: uma abordagem biológica e da paisagem
    (Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2020-07-24) Silva, Robert Germano Alves da; Mayorga, María Angélica Pérez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3725581918287088; Romero, Renato de Mei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857771457585862; Teresa, Fabricio Barreto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2706179711969560; Sampaio, Cláudio Luis Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2526336992077506; Araujo, Daniel de Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5837261784524743
    This dissertation presents two chapters that include environmental assessment methods applied in the hydrographic basins of the Mundaú-Manguaba Estuarine-Lagoon Complex – MMELC. Degradation in CELMM has considerable environmental and socioeconomic impacts on riverside communities. We discuss how environmental, physical and spatial changes are related to chemical descriptors and the ecological response of the ichthyofauna of streams inserted in the system, aiming to test environmental diagnostic instruments for monitoring and managing impacts on rivers and coastal streams. Chapter I presents the application of the Habitat Integrity Index, a local physical assessment (80 m) already consolidated, and two proposals, one for adapting an index for landscape (1.6 km) and another for an index integrated to the two scales to equalize possible distortions. To understand the biological responses to the index values, two ecological estimators were evaluated species richness and percentage of Poecilia reticulata, in the fish community. The results are discussed in order to evaluate the ability to describe the indexes and estimators for local physical, spatial and biological characteristics. In Chapter II, the physical and chemical descriptors of the stream and ecotone were integrated with ecological descriptors. We tested the application of the Abundance and Biomass Curves (ABC) and the W statistic in the biological evaluation to detect environmental disturbance in the streams. The indicator species analysis (IndVal) was used to describe the species that characterize each land use and occupation group, and the Redundancy Analysis (RDA) was performed to identify the chemical and physical descriptors that structure the fish communities for each land use and occupation. In general, the evaluation methodologies used were able to describe the differences in the environments for each land use and occupation and relate the physical and chemical structuring of the streams to the fish community.
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    Emissões de gases de efeito estufa do Instituto Federal de Alagoas: impactos da pandemia do covid-19 e recomendações para gestão institucional
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2025-01-23) Cavalcante, Kledson Marques; Maia, Stoécio Malta Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6110419050119583; Salomon, Karina Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5008-0497; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3169357924019841; Silva, Eunice Palmeira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4679066494213977; Wanderley, Lucas Suassuna de Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0018963581369746
    This study evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the Federal Institute of Alagoas (IFAL), comparing the years 2019 and 2022. The research is justified by the need for educational institutions, such as IFAL, to adopt sustainable management practices to mitigate the effects of climate change, as foreseen in the National Climate Change Policy. The study focused on GHG emissions related to fuel consumption, refrigerant gases, electricity consumption, and waste generation. The results indicated an overall reduction of -7.8% in IFAL's GHG emissions, mainly due to the decrease in face-to-face activities and the maintenance of changes in work methods adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Direct GHG emissions (scope 1), related to the consumption of fuels and refrigerant gases, showed variations in the evaluated period (-9.1% and 20.4%, respectively). Indirect GHG emissions (scope 2), associated with electricity consumption, showed a variation of -54.8%, influenced by the reduction in face-to-face activities and the improvement in the emission factor of the National Interconnected System. Other indirect GHG emissions (scope 3), such as the generation of urban solid waste and liquid effluents, also showed an overall reduction (-2.1% and -3.4%, respectively). The study concluded that modernizations of work processes, driven by the COVID-19 Pandemic and maintained after the return to in-person activities, impacted the reduction of GHG emissions by IFAL. The research recommends the improvement of sustainable management practices, mainly through monitoring resource consumption and GHG emissions, investing in energy efficiency, optimizing transportation, and digital technologies. The adoption of these measures will contribute to consolidating IFAL's commitment to environmental sustainability and social responsibility.
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    Indicadores de avaliação dos programas de educação ambiental do Instituto de Meio Ambiente de Alagoas (IMA)
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2025-01-24) Silva, Narayana Sandes; Melo, Joabe Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5180399418500159; Romero, Renato de Mei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857771457585862; Oliveira, Iara Terra de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2511-1666; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2856851148788238; Lima, André Suêldo Tavares de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-0645; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6019670165528345
    Environmental education is extremely relevant as a tool to address current socio-environmental challenges. Understanding its importance, an increasing number of studies are being conducted to improve educational practices focused on the environment and sustainability. The evaluation process is an instrument that can be a strong ally in educational actions. Therefore, this research analyzes the evaluation parameters and indicators of the Environmental Education actions and programs of the Institute of the Environment (IMA) of Alagoas. The objective is to understand the evaluation procedures adopted in each of the active actions, focusing on this theme in a case study characterized as exploratory and descriptive, based on document analysis, interviews, and questionnaires applied to sector managers. The collected data indicates that the analyzed programs use qualitative evaluation indicators, emphasizing social participation, sustainability, and biodiversity conservation. Finally, the analysis highlights the importance of structuring these indicators to ensure the effectiveness of the initiatives, suggesting the continuous development of indicators adapted to local needs.
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    Metodologia para produção de moradia em assentamentos urbanos informais com incorporação de Tecnologia Social: estudo de caso na Favela Sururu de Capote no Município de Maceió/AL
    (Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-01-25) Vitorino, Natiele Vanessa; Cunha, Mônica Ximenes Carneiro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1775024859845111; Cavalcanti, Fernando Antonio de Melo Sá; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4407657668950931; Marques, Sheyla Karolina Justino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3917387578549073
    Housing shortage is one of the biggest urban challenges in Brazil. Because of it, many families have been build precarious housing in clandestine or environmentally fragile areas, despite the housing programs that have been developed over the years, as the Favela Sururu de Capote, in Maceió/AL. Community involvement searching by solutions is fundamental to generate protagonism and social inclusion. Social Technology (ST) emerges in this context and involves of products, methods and techniques produced in interaction with the community and appropriated by them, uniting traditional knowledge with technical-scientific knowledge. Social Technology (ST) incorporation in housing is still an atypical topic among researchers. This work objective to propose a methodology for the production of housing in informal urban settlements with the Social Technology incorporation. As a research strategy, a qualitative approach was chosen. The methodological course involved three stages: (1) Systematic Literature Review (SLR); (2) Rapid Participatory Urban Diagnosis (DRUP); and (3) Proposal for a methodology for the production of housing with ST incorporation. By the SLR results, it was found that the ST incorporation in the housing problem is a recent theme. It was also possible to identify indicators, some technologies for houses construction and tools for data collection, like the DRUP. By the field research, it was possible to identify the social and environmental community problems and make the residents' needs survey. From the data obtained, it was possible to list indicators related to environmental and social aspects. In turn, the indicators found in the RSL and those defined from the DRUP were fundamental to support the proposed methodology for the production of housing with the ST incorporation, involving four stages: planning, development, application and reapplication. It is expected that the methodology developed in this research can contribute to the production of housing with the Social Technologies incorporation in informal urban settlements.