Acoustoelastic response in rebars of reinforced concrete structures
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Data
2025
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The monitoring of reinforced concrete structures is essential to ensure that the normative
lifetime is reached, which can be achieved through both destructive and non-destructive
methods. Non-destructive testing is an effective solution, as it can be applied without causing
damage to the structure while providing a wealth of data in a short period. Among the nondestructive methods, ultrasound testing stands out, providing information through the analysis
of wave profiles and velocities. One of the most recent research lines with ultrasound is the
study of acoustoelasticity in concrete structures, related to the correlation of wave velocity
variation with stress state variation in the structure, where most of the research is focused on
plain concrete structures. Due to the inherent heterogeneity of concrete, results often exhibit
significant variability. In this context, the reinforcement can be considered homogeneous when
compared to concrete and may provide more consistent data through ultrasound waves,
potentially reducing result variability. There are no studies about acoustoelasticity with guided
waves in rebars of reinforced concrete structures. Therefore, the present work aims to evaluate
the acoustoelastic effect in reinforced concrete structures with the application of the transducers
directly on the rebars. For this, ultrasonic indirect measurements were carried out during
mechanical tests on reinforced concrete prisms, in which access to the reinforcement was
ensured during casting. In addition to experiments in isolated rebars under tension, compression
and bending tests in prisms were conducted. Different bar diameters, from 8 to 20 mm, were
used, and a central frequency of 250 kHz was chosen. Finally, the wave interferometry method
was applied to obtain the velocity variation. Thus, in isolated bars under tension, the relative
velocity variation was negative, and there was a linear behavior in most of them. In
compression, a tendency was observed in the prisms with 8 and 10 mm rebars, whose trendline
had an initial non-linear part. In prisms under bending, a tendency was observed among the
negative curves, whose trendline was entirely non-linear. Therefore, the waves captured on the
rebar surface of reinforced concrete presented a good sensitivity to acoustoelastic effect
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Ultrasound. Acoustoelasticity. Reinforced concrete. Guided wave.