Dissertação Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologias Ambientais

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Navegando Dissertação Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologias Ambientais por Departamento "Marechal Deodoro"

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    Avaliação da qualidade ambiental do complexo estuarino lagunar mundaú-manguaba – CELMM, Alagoas: uma abordagem biológica e da paisagem
    (Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2020-07-24) Silva, Robert Germano Alves da; Mayorga, María Angélica Pérez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3725581918287088; Romero, Renato de Mei; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9857771457585862; Teresa, Fabricio Barreto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2706179711969560; Sampaio, Cláudio Luis Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2526336992077506; Araujo, Daniel de Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5837261784524743
    This dissertation presents two chapters that include environmental assessment methods applied in the hydrographic basins of the Mundaú-Manguaba Estuarine-Lagoon Complex – MMELC. Degradation in CELMM has considerable environmental and socioeconomic impacts on riverside communities. We discuss how environmental, physical and spatial changes are related to chemical descriptors and the ecological response of the ichthyofauna of streams inserted in the system, aiming to test environmental diagnostic instruments for monitoring and managing impacts on rivers and coastal streams. Chapter I presents the application of the Habitat Integrity Index, a local physical assessment (80 m) already consolidated, and two proposals, one for adapting an index for landscape (1.6 km) and another for an index integrated to the two scales to equalize possible distortions. To understand the biological responses to the index values, two ecological estimators were evaluated species richness and percentage of Poecilia reticulata, in the fish community. The results are discussed in order to evaluate the ability to describe the indexes and estimators for local physical, spatial and biological characteristics. In Chapter II, the physical and chemical descriptors of the stream and ecotone were integrated with ecological descriptors. We tested the application of the Abundance and Biomass Curves (ABC) and the W statistic in the biological evaluation to detect environmental disturbance in the streams. The indicator species analysis (IndVal) was used to describe the species that characterize each land use and occupation group, and the Redundancy Analysis (RDA) was performed to identify the chemical and physical descriptors that structure the fish communities for each land use and occupation. In general, the evaluation methodologies used were able to describe the differences in the environments for each land use and occupation and relate the physical and chemical structuring of the streams to the fish community.
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    Viabilidade técnica da manta geossintética na produção de pimentão em função de diferentes lâminas de irrigação em Arapiraca, Alagoas.
    (Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2020-06-26) Oliveira, Sílvio Serafim; Cavalcante, Marcelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0221717690546039; Calheiros, Altanys Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9353777923030637; Prates, Fabiano Barbosa de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6530012770891274; Santos, Márcio Aurélio Lins dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0192590447392368
    Pepper is among the ten most important vegetables in terms of economic value in Brazil, with Alagoas ranking 7th in the Northeast. The Arapiraca city is responsible for the production of 43.6% of the pepper produced in the State. However, due to the city being inserted in the semiarid region, the use of efficient techniques of use and management of water and soil is of great importance for agricultural activity. For these reasons, aimed, with this research, to evaluate the technical viability of the Soiltain® DW woven geosynthetic under three irrigation levels, in the cultivation of peppers in Arapiraca, Alagoas. The experiment was conducted in split-plot design, being in the main plots three irrigation levels (60, 100 and 150% of ETc) and in the subplots, four soil coverings (SoilTain® DW woven geosynthetic, bare soil, synthetic white and organic Mulchings), with five replications, totaling 12 treatments, with five replications. Agromorphological variables, components of pepper production, and soil temperature were evaluated. There was a significant interaction between the treatments, in which the woven geosynthetic showed superior results to white Mulching in relation to plant heights, stem diameter, leaf width and water use efficiency in the three irrigation depths, together with the bare soil treatments and organic Mulching. The 150% ETc level favored higher plant mortality during the crop development period, with a reduction in the stand, reducing yield, which ranged from 40.33 t ha-1 for white Mulching to 57.18 t ha-1 for organic Mulching. The soil temperature negatively influenced the development of the crop, being higher in white Mulching in all evaluations. The blanket also promoted greater profit and lower production cost and, likewise, the 100% ETc. level. The SoilTain® DW woven geosynthetic is viable as an alternative Mulching, and it is recommended to associate it with the 100% ETc level.