Teses e Dissertações defendidas no IFAL

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Navegando Teses e Dissertações defendidas no IFAL por Área do Conhecimento "CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS"

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    Cactáceas brasileiras: compostos químicos, farmacologia e potencial biotecnológico
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2023-07-28) Lins, Andressa Valéria Ferreira Minin de; Melo, Joabe Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5180399418500159; Oliveira, Tiago Bento de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362217919311737; Cavalcanti, Deyvson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1705433658794154; Santos, Josiene Maria Falcão Fraga dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0789229130960422
    Cactaceae is a family of plants whose representatives are known for surviving and occupying the planet's arid and semi-arid climates. To survive in these habitats, this family of plants relies on a series of morphological adaptations, including the modification of leaves into spines, water storage capacity, chlorophyllous stem, etc. In addition to the physical structure to withstand environmental conditions, cacti also have a series of specialized chemicals, known as secondary metabolites, which have several protective properties for plants, but which also have interesting effects on other organisms and which, for this reason, has been widely studied by scientists. Despite the protective machinery with which cacti were equipped, many of them are threatened with extinction, creating a need to preserve them. Many studies investigating the phytochemical profile and pharmacological properties of Brazilian cacti have been carried out, but none have covered all of them. Thus, the research question arose: what has already been discovered about the phytochemistry, pharmacology and biotechnology of cacti in Brazil? The research was carried out with the aim of answering this question using the systematic literature review methodology. The results allowed the construction of a panorama that will serve the future of research with Brazilian cacti that deal with the themes researched here, that is, the pharmacology, phytochemistry and biotechnology of cactuses in Brazil. Phytochemical information was found for 50 cacti, pharmacological information for 31 cacti and patents for 18 cacti. The unfolding of this process took place in chapter one of this dissertation, which was organized into two chapters, the second being the unfolding of the technical and technological product, which expressed the desire not to imprison the information presented here within the walls of the academy. The product was the teaching material entitled “Cacti around me”, which is an informative material about how cacti are present in different scenarios and products in Brazil, as well as the ecological importance of the botanical family Cactaceae.
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    Estudo do processo de invasão do “sururu branco” (Mytilopsis sallei) na lagunar Mundaú, Maceio – Alagoas
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2025-02-26) Vilar, Evlyn Larisse da Silva; Araújo, Daniel de Magalhães; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-9836; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5837261784524743; Melo, Joabe Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5180399418500159; Bordinhon, André Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0982411313292542; Tamano, Luana Tieko Omena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4206868438935017
    In 2021, the Maceió sururu extractive community reported the constant appearance of a mollusk similar to the native sururu, but with a whitish color, which soon came to be called “white sururu” (Mytilopsis sallei) by riverside dwellers. Later, in 2022, the disappearance of the native sururu, Mytella falcata, was reported. Considering that the sururu is an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Alagoas, being a source not only of income, but also of food for a significant portion of the population, it is essential to carry out studies aimed at elucidating the incursion of this invasive bivalve into the Estuarine Complex Mundaú-Manguaba Lagoon (CELMM). Thus, this study aimed to understand the process of invasion of the “white sururu” in the lagunar Complex, as well as understanding the relationship between the establishment of the invasive species in the region and the disappearance of the species of sururu native to it, from the perspective of fishermen. Sururu from the Estuarine Complex.This study had a qualitative focus, using exploratory and descriptive field research as its methodological contribution. On-site visits were carried out in the region, as well as at Fishermen's Associations, presenting the theme and objectives of this research. 31 informants were interviewed, 90.30% of whom were male, with an average age of 56 years and an average fishing age of 36 years. Fishermen still associate the emergence of the white sururu with the “disappearance” of the native sururu, which is evidenced by many studies of the harmful effects on the environment and the native species that inhabit it as a result of the introduction of invasive species. However, according to the evidence, the “disappearance” of the native sururu may be more linked to changes in salinity and climate than the presence of the invasive bivalve. The disappearance of the native sururu, in turn, caused profound and severe effects on the riverside community, especially for those who survived from fishing, forcing the “sururuzeiros” to migrate to other regions and/or jobs. Knowledge about the invasive species is still incipient for the fishermen interviewed, especially when compared to knowledge about the native species. Fishermen consider the white sururu to be stronger and more resistant to the conditions established in the environment, representing a real danger to the native sururu, which represents the main source of subsistence for them and their families. Thus, the riverside community shows great concerns about the adverse effects of the incursion of the white sururu into laguna Mundaú. Therefore, the difficulties faced by local communities, exacerbated by the scarcity of native sururu, highlight the urgent need for conservation strategies that integrate traditional knowledge with the sustainable management of natural resources.