TCC Engenharia Agronômica

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https://repositorio.ifal.edu.br/handle/123456789/41

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Ánalise meteorológica, produtividade e crescimento do milho irrigado durante as estações de verão e inverno no sertão alagoano
(2023-07-04) Nunes, Willyane Ferreira; Silva, Samuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6455568737417686; Prates, Fabiano Barbosa de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6530012770891274; Silva, Jose Madson da; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0237-4762; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506
The maize growing season throughout the year can influence its growth and productivity, since edaphoclimatic conditions vary between seasons. This study aimed to analyze the agrometeorological variables and evaluate the productivity and growth of corn grown at different times in the Sertão Alagoano region. For this, the hybrid AG7088 of high productive potential was used, which was tested at the Federal Institute of Alagoas/Campus Piranhas, the first season being from December 2016 to March 2017 and the second season from March to July 2018. The water requirement of the crop for irrigation management was calculated using crop evapotranspiration (ETc), obtained from a meteorological station located close to the experimental area. The agrometeorological analysis was carried out, in addition to the biometry of the plants, in which growth, leaf area index, canopy height, as well as grain yield and water use efficiency were evaluated. The results obtained in the two periods were submitted to Student's t test. Season 1 climatic conditions provided greater corn crop growth for the analyzed variables, with the exception of the leaf area index. The grain yield of irrigated corn is higher in the dry season in the region of Piranhas - AL, however, the efficiency in water use is lower due to the greater volume of water required for irrigation due to the high rates of evapotranspiration.
Biometria e produtividade de grãos de híbridos de milho no alto sertão sergipano
(INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2023-02-01) Conceição, Rosana Tavares; Souza, Ênio Gomes Flôr; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9225008513028085; Costa, Kleyton Danilo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3562128215536520; Silva, Jose Madson da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506
Corn is a crop of great socioeconomic importance used in animal feed. Brazil is the third largest producer of the grain, with plantations in several regions. In Sergipe the culture has been widely exploited, however, some regions face difficulties to achieve good results in grain production, choosing the correct cultivar helps to minimize losses. Therefore, the objective of the research was to evaluate the characteristics of corn hybrids for grain in the Sergipe semi-arid region regarding its productivity and biometry. The experiment took place in lot 2N-01, of Sector 3, of the California Irrigated Perimeter, located in the city of Canindé de São Francisco, under randomized block design, with thirteen treatments and four repetitions. The treatments were twelve corn hybrids: BM930 PRO3, BM855 PRO2, BM990 VIP3, BM815 PRO2, BM270 PRO2, BM709 PRO2, BM880 PRO3, BM3066 PRO2, K7500 VIP3, K9606 VIP3, K9555 VIP3, K7510 VIP3; and one variety: BRS Gorutuba. After physiological maturity, the evaluated characteristics were: plant height to the stem, stem diameter, ear insertion height, ear length, ear diameter, number of grain rows, grain mass per ear, 100-grain mass, and grain yield. Hybrid K7510 showed the best result for plant to ear height (260.72 cm). For ear insertion height, two groups were formed. Hybrids K7500 VIP3 and BM3066 PRO2 stood out in the ear diameter variable with averages of (5.56 cm and 5.46, respectively). For the number of grain rows, hybrid BM990 VIP3 stood out (19.70 units). Regarding the weight of one hundred grains, most hybrids formed a group with better performance and for productivity, only the free-pollinated variety had an average well below the other cultivars (6,964.29 kg ha-1).
Características agronômicas e rentabilidade de híbridos de milho para grãos no Sertão de Alagoas
(INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2022-02-24) Correia, Andre dos Anjos; Souza, Ênio Gomes Flôr; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9225008513028085; Souza, Almir Rogerio Evangelista de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9266-5063; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5565092143060833; Barbosa, Marcílio de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8917018101872409
In the interior scrubland, State of Alagoas, the corn is largely produced in a dry place and has a major importance in human food production and animal feeding. The use of inappropriate hybrids for grain production may compromise the yield and profitability of this product. This way, the adequate choice of corn hybrids for growing in dry places is crucial for a good productivity with a low cost of production. Therefore, the objective of this research is to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and the corn hybrids yield for dry grains grown in the rainy periods of Piranhas County, Alagoas. The work was conducted in the experimental field of the Federal Institute of Alagoas, Piranhas Campus, from April 29 to August 25, 2021. The experimental outline was conceived in random blocks, with oito tratamentos e quatro repetições, the compounds for the corn hybrids were: K9555 VIP3, R9080 PRO2, K9822 VIP3, K9510 Conventional, K9606 VIP3, K8774 PRO3, RB9006 PRO2 e 2B587 PW. The agronomic characteristics evaluated were: plant height and diameter, tassel length, ear insertion height, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows of grains, mass of cob, grain mass per ear, grain moisture, 100 grains mass, grain yield and water use efficiency. The hybrid K9555 VIP3 presented the best results to: plant height and water use efficiency, 158.80 cm; insertion height of the ear, 95.61 cm; grain yield, 3.43 t ha-1 ; water use efficiency, 1.29 kg m-1 ; profitability, R$ 519.37 ha- 1 ; and rate of return, R$ 1.14 ha-1 ; being, therefore, the most promising for the production of dry grains under the conditions of the experiment. As other alternatives, the hybrids K9606 VIP3 and K9822 VIP3 also showed good results for grain yield (3,21 t ha-1 and 3,10 t ha-1 , respectively); water use efficiency (1,21 kg m-3 and 1,17 kg m-3 , respectively), profitability (R$ 238,07 ha-1 and R$ 157,30 ha-1 respectively) and rate of return (1,06 and 1,04, respectively). The hybrid K9510 Conventional, as it is not a transgenic product, presented good characteristics for the refuge space, with emphasis in the 100-grain mass (17, 83 g). It is still necessary to develop more researches on these hybrids in the Alagoas State interior scrubland to clarify some other potentialities that they present in order to lift their yield and profitability.
Crescimento de genótipos de milho em diferentes intervalos de avaliação
(INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2023-12-20) Farias, Thassila Silva De; Silva, Jose Madson da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506; Souza, Ênio Gomes Flôr; Oliveira Filho, Antônio Francelino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7940724279029705
Maize is a crop of great socio-economic importance for animal and human nutrition. Evaluating the growth of cultivars is crucial to determining the performance and adaptability of these genetic materials in different growing environments (soils, temperature regimes, water availability and management practices). In Sergipe, maize has been widely exploited, however, some regions of the state face obstacles in achieving higher yields, and choosing the right cultivar minimizes production losses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of maize genotypes in the environmental conditions of the Alto Sertão region of Sergipe, Brazil. The experiment took place on plot 2N-01, Sector 3, of the California Irrigated Perimeter, located in the municipality of Canindé de São Francisco-SE, between the months of April and August 2022, under a randomized block design, with four replications and treatments arranged in plots subdivided by time, consisting of twelve corn hybrids in the plots: BM930 PRO3, BM855 PRO2, BM990 VIP3, BM815 PRO2, BM270 PRO2, BM709 PRO2, BM880 PRO3, BM3066 PRO2, K7500 VIP3, K9606 VIP3, K9555 VIP3, K7510 VIP3; and one variety: BRS Gorutuba. The subplots consisted of four intervals for assessing plant growth: 22 days after planting - DAP, 36 DAP, 50 DAP and 67 DAP. The characteristics assessed were: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant, leaf area and leaf area index. The factors genotypes and evaluation intervals had an isolated influence on thatch diameter. For the number of leaves per plant, there was an isolated effect of the evaluation intervals. There was an interaction between the factors for the characteristics of plant height, leaf area and leaf area index. Plant height, the number of leaves per plant, leaf area and leaf area index showed a tendency to increase over the growth assessment intervals. However, from 50 days after planting, the genotypes showed a decrease in stalk diameter. The hybrids K7510 VIP3, K9555 VIP and BM855 PRO2 showed the best growth results.
Crescimento e graus-dia acumulados de cultivares de sorgo sob duas densidades de plantio
(2022-02-25) Silva, Thiago Pereira da; Souza, Ênio Gomes Flôr; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9225008513028085; Silva, Jose Madson da; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0237-4762; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506; Pôrto, Mônica Lima Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5222956631716535
The study about the sorghum is of important relevance for farmers and ranchers, because it has great rusticity and is among the most cultivated cereals in the world, being widely used for animal feed in the form of silage, pasture and/or grains. Knowing which the cultivar and planting density in relation to the accumulated degree days allows the producer to carry out sowing at the most suitable times and with greater chances of obtaining high yields. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to determine the growth and accumulated degree days of sorghum cultivars under two planting densities in rainfed cultivation in Alto Sertão de Alagoas. The experiment was carried out in the rainy season of 2019 in the experimental field of the Instituto Federal de Alagoas, Campus Piranhas, under a randomized block, with installments subdivided in time, with four replications. The treatments referred to the combination of three forage sorghum cultivars (IPA 467, BRS Ponta Negra and Chopper) and one grain (IPA 1011), with two planting densities: 187.5 thousand plants ha-1 and 250 thousand plants ha-1 . The subplots were constituted by the accumulated degree days (AG) according to the days after planting (DAP), which were added to 39 DAP (568.86 °C), 53 DAP (762.53 °C), 66 DAP (941.56°C) and 81 DAP (1,158.27°C). The characteristics evaluated were: plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves per plant. The sorghum cultivars and planting densities showed similar plant heights, except for the Chopper cultivar, which obtained lower values in the two densities, with a statistical difference at 53 DAP (762.53 °C), 66 DAP (941.56 °C) and 81 DAP (1,158.27 °C), presenting a final average in the last evaluation of 73.20 cm and 80.86 cm, for the densities of 250 thousand plants ha-1 and 187.5 thousand plants ha-1 , respectively. The stem diameter had no significant difference at 39 DAP (568.86 °C) and 66 DAP (941.56 °C), however, at 81 DAP (1,158.27 °C), the cultivar IPA 467 at density of 250 thousand plants ha-1 had a diameter of 16.10 mm, surpassing IPA 1011 in the density of 250 thousand plants ha-1 (12.25 mm). For the number of leaves per plant, there was no statistical difference for the treatments when the GDA were 568.86 °C and 762.53 °C, but, in the last two evaluations at 66 DAP and 81 DAP there was a variation in the number of leaves , with the lowest average in the IPA 467 in the density of 250 thousand plants ha-1 (2.70 leaves per plant), when the GDA were of 1,158.27 °C, not differing statistically from the IPA 467 x 187.5 thousand plants ha-1 ( 3.05 leaves per plant), BRS Ponta Negra x 250 thousand plants ha-1 (4.22 leaves per plant) and IPA 1011 x 250 thousand plants ha-1 (3.80 leaves per plant). The sorghum cultivars and plant densities had the same growth behavior, obtaining a constant increase and subsequent decrease or stabilization. Between 66 DAP (941.56 °C) and 81 DAP (1,158.27 °C), there was a tendency for the number of leaves and stem diameter to decrease. Plant height had an initial constant increase, with subsequent stabilization when the GDA ranged from 941.56 °C (66 DAP) to 11158.27 °C (81 DAP).
Crescimento e produtividade de genótipos de palma, cultivados em diferentes regimes hídricos no semiárido
(INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2023-01-26) Petrauskas, Rhuan Alencar Britto; Silva, Randerson Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7477067848979919; Silva, Jose Madson da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506; Santos, Élcio Gonçalves dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6386426297448636
Cactus pear is one of the most cultivated species and an important alternative to support food for livestock in the semi-arid region of the Brazilian Northeast, however, some locations do not have a suitable climate for its development, requiring water supplementation. Its productivity and development has better result in the criterion of irrigation management. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the growth and development of cactus pear, using the irrigation management strategy on productivity in different water regimes. The experiment was carried out in a rural property in the municipality of Canindé de São Francisco-SE. The trial was carried out in randomized blocks with 4 repetitions in a 4x2 factorial scheme, with four varieties of palms in two water regimes. The irrigation system used was located with dripped tapes. The agronomic variables studied were: plant height and width, number of paddles per plant, length, width and thickness of the paddle, green mass weight and dry mass weight. To evaluate the production cost in the second cycle of the plant's culture, the effective operating cost (EOC), cost with administrative charge (CEA) and the total operating cost (TOC) were evaluated. The small variety responded positively to the application of irrigation. The varieties: elephant ear, Mexican, girl's hand and giant. There was no increase in the number of rackets with the application of irrigation. The acquisition of mineral fertilizers is the factor that most burdens the total operating cost.
Efeito do déficit hídrico em diferentes fases fenológicas do milho, no Semiárido alagoano
(2021-10-08) Sousa, Amanda Cibele da Paz; Teodoro, Iêdo; Silva, Samuel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7002-4388; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6455568737417686; Silva, José Madson da
The deficit of water in the soil promotes physiological responses in the plant capable of altering the growth, development and yield of the crop, in which it is essential to study the behavior of the plant against water stress to determine the proper management of irrigation. This project aimed to evaluate the effect of water deficit on different phenological stages of corn in the semiarid region. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Institute of Alagoas/Campus Piranhas, from February to June 2019, the experimental design used in the experiment was strips with four replications, in which the treatments were five periods of submission of the crop to deficit stress water, which occurred from the following phases: tanning, pollination, milky grain, pasty grain and farinaceous grain (without stress). From the data collected during the experiment, the following steps were followed:estimation crop evapotranspiration (ETc), analysis of the effect of climatic elements on the crop, evaluation of plant growth, determination of productivity and evaluation of ear variables under the effect of water deficit, and verification of the level of impact of water stress caused in each phenological phase of the crop. Plants subjected to water deficit in the tasseling and flowering phases suffered variation, leaf area index (LAI), number of grains per spike, dry weight of a thousand grains and low yield when compared with plants subjected to the farinaceous grain phase. Radiation, air temperature and humidity do not dissipate in the thermal limitation for corn development throughout the cycle. Plants subjected to water deficit in the tasseling and flowering phase were less productive when compared to plants grown under full irrigation.
Seleção de progênies de tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum l.) tolerantes à salinidade
(INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2023-01-27) Nascimento, Thamara Pereira do; Costa, Kleyton Danilo da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4631-3240; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3562128215536520; Silva, Michelangelo de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5831953262176334; Prates, Fabiano Barbosa de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6530012770891274
Tomato is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world, representing a significant source of employment and income, mainly in Brazilian Northeast, where risks of soil salinity constitute limiting factors for good crop development. Breeding programs for selection of progenies that tolerate this abiotic stress are essential. Then, the objective of this work is to select salinity-tolerant tomato progenies. For the experiment, 400 plants of F3 generation, 400 plants of F2 generation, 60 F1 plants and 60 plants of each parent, that is, the IPA-7 and Yoshimatsu cultivars, totaling 980 plants; for the second experiment, 400 plants of F2 generation, 60 plants of F1 and 60 plants of each parent (Yoshimatsu and IPA-7), totaling 580 plants, at a high level of salinity, in four replications were evaluated. The experiment was carried out in pots for 30 days, with evaluations taking place during 20 and 30 days after transplanting. On evaluation for the first experiment, morethan 50% of generations at 20 days demonstrated that they are tolerant, already at 30 days only the Yoshimatsu genitor showed tolerance, where others were not tolerantg, with variations in notes. For evaluation of the second experiment at 30 days after transplanting, as in the first one, only Yoshimatsu genitor was tolerant and others demonstrated more than 70% of generations not tolerant to saline level. The selection of tomato progenies is indicated from 30 days after transplanting. Through the F2 and F3 generations, dominance of non-tolerant phenotype was observed, indicating that possible salinity tolerance genes are recessive. Through the inheritance study that indicated the action of another recessive gene combined with experimental conditions, it was not possible to select salinity-tolerant progenies.
Uso econômico da água no cultivo do feijão caupi irrigado no semiárido alagoano
(INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2022-02-16) Silva, Carla Sabrina da; Silva, Samuel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7002-4388; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6455568737417686; Silva, Randerson Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7477067848979919; Silva, Jose Madson da; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0237-4762; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5749870599305506
Irrigation in agriculture allows conditions for genetic material to express its full production potential in the field, but scientific studies are needed to optimize the use of water in regions of difficult access to it, such as semi-arid regions. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the economic irrigation depth for cowpea cultivation in the Sertão Alagoano region.A creole variety commonly cultivated by farmers in the region was used, which was subjected to five irrigation depths (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration-ETc). The experiment was developed at the Federal Institute of Alagoas/Campus Piranhas, during the months of February to May 2018. The culture was irrigated by drip, in which irrigation costs plus planting costs and cultural treatments were used to determine the economic level of water, through the analysis of grain productivity. Yield differed statistically between the slides applied, according to the F test (p<0.05). The culture of cowpea of creole genetic nature has a low response to irrigation, in which the economic depth is independent of the selling price of the grain and is close to the depth that provides maximum physical yield.

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