Dissertação Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologias Ambientais
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Item Desenvolvimento de um potenciostato portátil de baixo custo e seu uso em análises ambientais(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2023-09-18) Lucena, Charles Bronson Bezerra de; Lima, Phabyanno Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9334426018309756; Lopes, Cleylton Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4000861323429729; Silva, Francisco de Assis dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8842303844359230The planet's population has been growing consistently over the decades. The most recent pro- jections indicate that in the next ten years we will have an increase of 80 million people and that this number will only increase in the following decades. This fact will bring a series of challenges and among them we can mention the need to produce food for this large number of people without compromising the environment even further. Each year, the agricultural harvest in Brazil has been breaking records, in the same way that the use of agricultural pesticides is increasing in the same direction. If these substances are not used appropriately, they will quickly harm the environment and monitoring becomes increasingly necessary. This monitoring is car- ried out through chemical analysis. Raising awareness among new generations about problems related to environmental degradation is important and this can be done in chemistry classes. As is well known, carrying out practices in the laboratory makes learning easier and more effective. In this sense, carrying out practical classes requires essential equipment: a potentiostat. This equipment is expensive and its use is mostly restricted to research laboratories. This research sought to develop a potentiostat capable of carrying out electrochemical analyzes with the main characteristics being its low cost, ease of manufacture and portability where its focus is not on carrying out analyzes with great precision to be used in classes for the quantification of internal contaminants. -environmental stress. We searched the literature for projects that included some of these characteristics to promote adaptations and improvements with the aim of minimizing costs. The equipment developed was subjected to calibration using the electrical resistance method to verify its compliance with Ohm's law. It presented a difference of +/- 0.14% in rela- tion to a fictitious resistance compared to a difference of +/- 0.1% presented by a commercial potentiostat. Improvements in the future such as improving the software with the insertion of new electrochemical techniques, modifying the microcontroller (Arduino pro mini, or similar and developing another communication cable.Item Monitoramento de glifosato no Complexo Estuarino Lagunar Mundaú-Manguaba (CELMM) por cromatografia de íons com supressão química e detector de condutividade(Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas, 2022-07-29) Novais, José Fábio Felix de; Lima, Phabyanno Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9334426018309756; Lopes, Cleylton Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4000861323429729; Lima, Sarah Kelly Melo Cavalcante Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0820477133147241The Estuarine Complex Lagunar Mundaú-Manguaba - CELMM has relevant cultural, gastronomic, social, economic and environmental importance for the cities that surround it. The main economic activity developed that encompasses its surroundings comes from the sugarcane agroindustry, responsible for the use of tons of pesticides every year in the monoculture of sugarcane. In the last 4 decades, the tributaries of the CELMM have been receiving inorganic contaminants (nutrients from fertilizers) from the sugarcane industry and agribusiness, through leaching caused by the hydrological cycle, feeding streams, rivers and channels that flow into its bed, acting as a vehicle transporter by agricultural flow of ions, with a tendency to modify the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of its ecosystem. However, for this reason, there is a need for detailed studies focusing on the determination of pesticides in the CELMM basin region. In this sense, among the various types of pesticides sold in Brazil, those products with a broad spectrum of action, the so-called non-selective, systemic and post-emergent, such as the herbicide glyphosate N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, stand out. In this perspective, 8 samples were collected at 8 points of surface water up to 20 cm deep in the streams and channels of the agricultural region that flow into 4 municipalities that make up the CELMM, being collected in the period of the sugarcane harvest to determine the following ions of interest for public health by ion chromatography, such as glyphosate and other anions (fluoride, chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, sulfate and phosphate) and cations (lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium, magnesium, calcium). The municipalities in the state of Alagoas monitored were: Maceió/AL, Marechal Deodoro/AL, Pilar and Santa Luzia do Norte/AL. The analytical results did not show glyphosate concentrations above the limits of quantification (LQ) determined in the calibration curves of the monitored ions, which are (0.05 mg L-1), whereas other anions and cations that were quantified have concentrations below the Maximum Permissible Value (MPV) in accordance with current Brazilian legislation.