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    Avaliação da estrutura populacional da espécie Hancornia Speciosa Gomes, "Mangabeira", em áreas de atividade extrativista em Maragogi, Alagoas
    (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE ALAGOAS - Ifal, 2026-03-28) Silva, Erlande Lins da; Santos, Josiene Maria Falcão Fraga dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0789229130960422; Melo, Joabe Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5180399418500159; Oliveira, Tiago Bento de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362217919311737; Araujo, Daniel de Magalhães; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-9836; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5837261784524743
    Hancornia speciosa Gomes, commonly known as “mangabeira”, is a tree specie belonging to the Apocynaceae family, whose fruits are appreciated and widely consumed in Northeastern Brazil, both fresh and in food recepies. Mangaba extractivism in Brazil represents a practice of great socioeconomic and cultural importance for many local and/or traditional communities. This study asess the population structure of the species in Maragogi, Alagoas, Brazil. After field recognition, the localities of Antunes, Ponta de Mangue, and Nova Jerusalém Settlement were selected. For each individual, circumference at breast height (CBH), height, phenological stage, and presence of seedlings were recorded. Anthropogenic marks of bark cutting and scraping were also observed. Each individual was georeferenced using a portable GPS device. Samples were collected for taxonomic identification and deposited in the MAC-IMA/AL Herbarium. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and population structure was evaluated through diameter class distribution. Spatial distribution was assessed using Morisita's Index, while age structure analysis considered diameter at breast height (DBH) and reproductive stage. A total of 1,011 individuals were recorded in the areas of Antunes (451 - 45%), Nova Jerusalém Settlement (353 - 35%), and Ponta de Mangue (207 - 20%), presenting an aggregated spatial distribution (MI = 1.7999), with concentration in remnant native vegetation areas, generally located on private properties such as backyards and small farms. The species mainly occurred in shrub-tree restinga vegetation, comprising 869 individuals (86%), while 142 individuals (14%) were found in ombrophilous forest areas. Regarding population structure, there was a predominance of young reproductive (440) and mature reproductive individuals (497), corresponding to approximately 88% of the sampled population. Diameter distribution showed greater concentration in classes between 15 and 30 cm, indicating a tendency toward an inverted “J” pattern, commonly associated with populations presenting natural regeneration potential. However, the reduced number of seedlings (164) and juveniles (74) suggests limitations in the natural establishment of the species. During field sampling, phenological observations indicated individuals in fruiting (55%), flowering (18%), budding (17%), and vegetative stages (10%). In addition, 585 individuals exhibited marks on their trunks, indicating the influence of extractive activities. Despite the possibility of natural regeneration, the population is under intense anthropogenic pressure due to real estate expansion, tourism, and fragmentation of vegetation remnants. It is estimated that approximately 25% of the individuals are located in areas planned for future construction, highlighting the urgent need for conservation measures and sustainable management strategies to ensure the maintenance of the species in the region.